JAVA通过HttpClient发送HTTP请求

JAVA通过HttpClient发送HTTP请求_开源字节的技术博客_51CTO博客

第一步：引入Maven依赖

第二步：编写工具类

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.KeyStoreException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.config.Registry;
import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustSelfSignedStrategy;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.StringBody;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

/**
*
* @author zy
* @date 2021年11月05日 上午11:27:25
*
*/
public class HttpClientUtil {

// utf-8字符编码
public static final String CHARSET_UTF_8 = "utf-8";

// HTTP内容类型。
public static final String CONTENT_TYPE_TEXT_HTML = "text/xml";

// HTTP内容类型。相当于form表单的形式，提交数据
public static final String CONTENT_TYPE_FORM_URL = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";

// HTTP内容类型。相当于form表单的形式，提交数据
public static final String CONTENT_TYPE_JSON_URL = "application/json;charset=utf-8";

// 连接管理器
private static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager pool;

// 请求配置
private static RequestConfig requestConfig;

static {

try {
SSLContextBuilder builder = new SSLContextBuilder();
builder.loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustSelfSignedStrategy());
SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(
builder.build());
// 配置同时支持 HTTP 和 HTPPS
Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory> create().register(
"http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory()).register(
"https", sslsf).build();
// 初始化连接管理器
pool = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(
socketFactoryRegistry);
// 将最大连接数增加到200
pool.setMaxTotal(200);
// 设置最大路由
pool.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(2);
// 根据默认超时限制初始化requestConfig
int socketTimeout = 10000;
int connectTimeout = 10000;
int connectionRequestTimeout = 10000;
requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectionRequestTimeout(
connectionRequestTimeout).setSocketTimeout(socketTimeout).setConnectTimeout(
connectTimeout).build();
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (KeyStoreException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (KeyManagementException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}


// 设置请求超时时间
requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(50000).setConnectTimeout(50000)
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(50000).build();
}

public static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient() {

CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom()
// 设置连接池管理
.setConnectionManager(pool)
// 设置请求配置
.setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig)
// 设置重试次数
.setRetryHandler(new DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler(0, false))
.build();

return httpClient;
}

/**
* 发送Post请求
*
* @param httpPost
* @return
*/
private static String sendHttpPost(HttpPost httpPost) {

CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
// 响应内容
String responseContent = null;
try {
// 创建默认的httpClient实例.
httpClient = getHttpClient();
// 配置请求信息
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
// 执行请求
response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
// 得到响应实例
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();

// 可以获得响应头
// Header[] headers = response.getHeaders(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE);
// for (Header header : headers) {
// System.out.println(header.getName());
// }

// 得到响应类型
// System.out.println(ContentType.getOrDefault(response.getEntity()).getMimeType());

// 判断响应状态
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() >= 300) {
throw new Exception(
"HTTP Request is not success, Response code is " + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
}

if (HttpStatus.SC_OK == response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()) {
responseContent = EntityUtils.toString(entity, CHARSET_UTF_8);
EntityUtils.consume(entity);
}

} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
// 释放资源
if (response != null) {
response.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return responseContent;
}

/**
* 发送Get请求
*
* @param httpGet
* @return
*/
private static String sendHttpGet(HttpGet httpGet) {

CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
// 响应内容
String responseContent = null;
try {
// 创建默认的httpClient实例.
httpClient = getHttpClient();
// 配置请求信息
httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);
// 执行请求
response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
// 得到响应实例
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();

// 可以获得响应头
// Header[] headers = response.getHeaders(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE);
// for (Header header : headers) {
// System.out.println(header.getName());
// }

// 得到响应类型
// System.out.println(ContentType.getOrDefault(response.getEntity()).getMimeType());

// 判断响应状态
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() >= 300) {
throw new Exception(
"HTTP Request is not success, Response code is " + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
}

if (HttpStatus.SC_OK == response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()) {
responseContent = EntityUtils.toString(entity, CHARSET_UTF_8);
EntityUtils.consume(entity);
}

} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
// 释放资源
if (response != null) {
response.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return responseContent;
}

/**
* 发送 post请求
*
* @param httpUrl
* 地址
*/
public static String sendHttpPost(String httpUrl) {
// 创建httpPost
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
return sendHttpPost(httpPost);
}

/**
* 发送 get请求
*
* @param httpUrl
*/
public static String sendHttpGet(String httpUrl) {
// 创建get请求
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(httpUrl);
return sendHttpGet(httpGet);
}

/**
* 发送 post请求（带文件）
*
* @param httpUrl
* 地址
* @param maps
* 参数
* @param fileLists
* 附件
*/
public static String sendHttpPost(String httpUrl, Map<String, String> maps, List<File> fileLists) {
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);// 创建httpPost
MultipartEntityBuilder meBuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
if (maps != null) {
for (String key : maps.keySet()) {
meBuilder.addPart(key, new StringBody(maps.get(key), ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN));
}
}
if (fileLists != null) {
for (File file : fileLists) {
FileBody fileBody = new FileBody(file);
meBuilder.addPart("files", fileBody);
}
}
HttpEntity reqEntity = meBuilder.build();
httpPost.setEntity(reqEntity);
return sendHttpPost(httpPost);
}

/**
* 发送 post请求
*
* @param httpUrl
* 地址
* @param params
* 参数(格式:key1=value1&key2=value2)
*
*/
public static String sendHttpPost(String httpUrl, String params) {
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);// 创建httpPost
try {
// 设置参数
if (params != null && params.trim().length() > 0) {
StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(params, "UTF-8");
stringEntity.setContentType(CONTENT_TYPE_FORM_URL);
httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return sendHttpPost(httpPost);
}

/**
* 发送 post请求
*
* @param maps
* 参数
*/
public static String sendHttpPost(String httpUrl, Map<String, String> maps) {
String parem = convertStringParamter(maps);
return sendHttpPost(httpUrl, parem);
}


/**
* 发送 post请求 发送json数据
*
* @param httpUrl
* 地址
* @param paramsJson
* 参数(格式 json)
*
*/
public static String sendHttpPostJson(String httpUrl, String paramsJson) {
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);// 创建httpPost
try {
// 设置参数
if (paramsJson != null && paramsJson.trim().length() > 0) {
StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(paramsJson, "UTF-8");
stringEntity.setContentType(CONTENT_TYPE_JSON_URL);
httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return sendHttpPost(httpPost);
}

/**
* 发送 post请求 发送xml数据
*
* @param httpUrl 地址
* @param paramsXml 参数(格式 Xml)
*
*/
public static String sendHttpPostXml(String httpUrl, String paramsXml) {
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);// 创建httpPost
try {
// 设置参数
if (paramsXml != null && paramsXml.trim().length() > 0) {
StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(paramsXml, "UTF-8");
stringEntity.setContentType(CONTENT_TYPE_TEXT_HTML);
httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return sendHttpPost(httpPost);
}


/**
* 将map集合的键值对转化成：key1=value1&key2=value2 的形式
*
* @param parameterMap
* 需要转化的键值对集合
* @return 字符串
*/
public static String convertStringParamter(Map parameterMap) {
StringBuffer parameterBuffer = new StringBuffer();
if (parameterMap != null) {
Iterator iterator = parameterMap.keySet().iterator();
String key = null;
String value = null;
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
key = (String) iterator.next();
if (parameterMap.get(key) != null) {
value = (String) parameterMap.get(key);
} else {
value = "";
}
parameterBuffer.append(key).append("=").append(value);
if (iterator.hasNext()) {
parameterBuffer.append("&");
}
}
}
return parameterBuffer.toString();
}

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

System.out.println(sendHttpGet("http://www.baidu.com"));

}
}