Error handling best practice
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Error handling best practice
Go has two different error-handling mechanisms:
- most functions return errors;
- only a truly unrecoverable condition, such as an out-of-range index, produces a run-time exception, known as a panic.
Go’s multivalued return makes it easy to return a detailed error message
alongside the normal return value. By convention, such messages
have type error, a simple built-in interface:
type error interface {
Error() string
}Error handling example
The os.Open function returns a non-nil
error value when it fails to open a file.
func Open(name string) (file *File, err error)The following code uses os.Open to open a file.
If an error occurs it calls log.Fatal
to print the error message and stop.
f, err := os.Open("filename.ext")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
// do something with the open *File fCustom errors
To create a simple string-only error you can use errors.New:
err := errors.New("Houston, we have a problem")The error interface requires only an Error method,
but specific error implementations often have additional methods,
allowing callers to inspect the details of the error.
Learn more
Panic
Panics are similar to C++ and Java exceptions, but are only intended for run-time errors, such as following a nil pointer or attempting to index an array out of bounds.
Learn more
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