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GitHub - mikechabot/maybe-baby: Minimize defensive coding. A JavaScript implemen...

 7 years ago
source link: https://github.com/mikechabot/maybe-baby
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maybe-baby

2.x will be maintained, however, if possible for your repository, you should opt to use TypeScript's optional chaining, which was introduced in 3.7

Minimize defensive coding. A JavaScript implementation of the Maybe monad.

Install

  • npm install --save maybe-baby
  • yarn add maybe-baby

Getting Started

What if we need the zipCode of the user below, which lives on the address object?

const user = { 
  email: '[email protected]',
  address: null,
  name: {
     first: 'John',
     last: null,
     middle: null
  }
};

Accessing it via dot notation will result in an error:

const zipCode = user.address.zipCode;  // Uncaught TypeError: Cannot read property 'zipCode' of undefined

Possible Solutions?

  1. Write some ugly null checks that don't scale well:
const getZipCode = (user) => {
  if (user !== null && user !== undefined) {
    if (user.address !== null && user.address !== undefined) {
      return user.address.zipCode
    }
  }
}

  1. Use _.get() or something similar, but these libraries have large footprints, and most likely won't be implementing the monadic structure.

  2. Wait for optional chaining to be approved in ECMA, or use babel-plugin-transform-optional-chaining.

  3. Use TypeScript's optional chaining

A Better Solution?

  1. Use maybe-baby to minimize defensive coding:
import Maybe from 'maybe-baby';

// Use a function getter
const getZipCode = (user) => Maybe.of(() => user.address.zipCode).join();

Now we can safely get the zipCode without worrying about the shape of the object, or encountering TypeErrors:

const zipCode = getZipCode(user);
console.log(zipCode);  // undefined

Docs

Documentation generated via JSDoc.

Migrating from 1.x to 2.x

Breaking changes were introduced in 2.0.0; the following redundant function were removed.

Maybe.of() can replicate the behavior of prop, props, and path.

prop(val: string | number)

const obj = Maybe.of({ 
  foo: { 
    bar: [123, 456] 
  } 
});

// Incorrect
const bar = obj.prop("foo").join(); // { bar: [123, 456] }

// Correct
Maybe.of(() => obj.join().foo).join(); // { bar: [123, 456] }

// Incorrect
obj
  .prop("foo")
  .prop("bar")
  .prop(1)
  .join(); // 456

// Correct
Maybe.of(() => obj.join().foo.bar[1]).join() // 456

props(...args)

const obj = Maybe.of({
  foo: 'bar',
  baz: [1,2,3]
});

// Incorrect
obj.props('baz', 0).join(); // 1

// Correct
Maybe.of(() => obj.join().baz[0]).join(); // 1

props(val: string)

const obj = Maybe.of({
  foo: 'bar',
  baz: [1,2,3]
});

// Incorrect
obj.path('baz.0').join() // 1

// Correct
Maybe.of(() => obj.join().baz[0]).join(); // 1

API

Check out the API below, or the complete documentation.

of(val: unknown | OfTypeFunc<T>)

Accepts a value of any type, and returns a monad:

const str = Maybe.of('foo');
const num = Maybe.of(123);
const bool = Maybe.of(true);
const obj = Maybe.of({});
const arr = Maybe.of([]);
const empty = Maybe.of(null);
const undef = Maybe.of(undefined);

Accepts a function, and sets the function's return value as the monad's value, returns a monad.

If the function results in an error, the monad's value is set to undefined.

type OfTypeFunc<T> = () => T;

const user = {};
const mZipCode = Maybe.of(() => user.address.zipCode);

console.log(mZipCode.join()); // undefined

isJust(): boolean

Returns true if the value is not null or undefined:

Maybe.of(123).isJust();   // true
Maybe.of(null).isJust();  // false

isNothing(): boolean

Returns true if the value is null or undefined:

Maybe.of(123).isNothing();   // false
Maybe.of(null).isNothing();  // true

join(): T

Returns the value:

Maybe.of(123).join();   // 123
Maybe.of(null).join();  // null

orElse(defaultValue: unknown): Maybe

Chain to the end of a monad to return as the default value if isNothing() is true:

Maybe.of(undefined)
  .orElse('No Value')
  .join();  // 'No Value'

map(transform: (val: T) => T | Maybe<T>): Maybe

Apply a transformation to the monad, and return a new monad:

const val = 1;
const newVal = Maybe.of(val).map(val => val + 1);

newVal.join(); // 2;

chain(chain: (val: T) => Maybe<T>): Maybe

Chain together functions that return Maybe monads:

function addOne (val) {
  return Maybe.of(val + 1);
}

const three = Maybe.of(1)
 .chain(addOne)
 .chain(addOne);

 three.join(); // 3

Credit

Credit to James Sinclair for writing The Marvellously Mysterious JavaScript Maybe Monad.


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