由于工作原因需要使用 openEuler，openEuler官方文档部署K8s集群比较复杂，并且网上相关资料较少，本文是通过实践与测试整理的 openEuler 22.03 部署 Kubernetes 1.20.2 集群操作方法。
这篇文章仅供学习参考，请勿直接用于生产环境。

1. 安装准备

在开始之前，部署 Kubernetes 集群机器需要满足以下几个条件：

• 操作系统：openEuler 22.03
• 硬件配置：2GB或更多RAM，2个CPU或更多CPU，硬盘30GB或更多
• 集群中所有机器之间网络互通
• 可以访问外网，需要拉取镜像

1.1 服务器规划

1.2 服务器环境配置

1. 修改主机名称

# master01 执行
hostnamectl set-hostname openEuler.master01
# node01 执行
hostnamectl set-hostname openEuler.node01
# node02 执行
hostnamectl set-hostname openEuler.node02

1. 配置host映射

vim /etc/hosts

192.168.123.208 openEuler.master01
192.168.123.167 openEuler.node01
192.168.123.213 openEuler.node02

1. 关闭swap

# 临时关闭swap分区
swapoff -a

1. 关闭防火墙

# 关闭并禁用防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld

2. Kubernetes集群安装

2.1 Master节点安装

2.1.1 安装Docker

# 安装docker
dnf install -y docker
# 启用docker
systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker
# 查看docker版本
docker --version

2.1.2 安装配置Kubernetes组件

# 安装kubeadmin、kubelet、kubernetes-master
dnf install -y kubernetes-kubeadm kubernetes-kubelet kubernetes-master
# 安装conntrack组件（k8s依赖组件）
dnf install -y conntrack
# 配置kubelet开机自启
systemctl enable kubelet.service && systemctl start kubelet.service

# 安装Kubernetes，apiserver-advertise-address 请替换成实际环境中的master节点ip地址，本文环境使用192.168.123.208
kubeadm init --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.123.208 --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --kubernetes-version v1.20.2 --service-cidr=10.1.0.0/16 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
# 命令选项说明：
# --apiserver-advertise-address：apiserver通告给其他组件的IP地址，一般应该为Master节点的用于集群内部通信的IP地址，0.0.0.0表示节点上所有可用地址
# --image-repository：指定要使用的镜像仓库，指定为aliyun镜像加速下载
# --kubernetes-version：Kubernetes程序组件的版本号
# --pod-network-cidr：Pod网络的地址范围，其值为CIDR格式的网络地址
# --service-cidr：Service的网络地址范围，其值为CIDR格式的网络地址

看到如下提示安装成功

保存kubeadm join信息

kubeadm join 192.168.123.208:6443 --token 9b3zg3.w9428fz00d993pwo --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:0287bffb9cc2c10f9ad53dcdc052462cae5ebef63cecb8d53ff689fb6e358b9e 

2.1.3 配置Kubectl

# 配置环境变量
vi /etc/profile

# 在文件底部追加
export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
# 应用改变
source /etc/profile

# 查看Master节点状态，此时节点会提示Not Ready，继续下一步 2.1.4 操作
kubectl get nodes

2.1.4 配置网络插件

# containerd容器运行时 cni相关文件默认路径在/usr/libexec/cni
# flannel 默认读取/opt/cni/bin路径
# 拷贝相关文件
mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin
cp /usr/libexec/cni/* /opt/cni/bin/

# 以下两种方法根据实际情况任选一种安装
# 1. 服务器无法访问github资源-安装方法
# （科学）下载kube-flannel.yml文件放置到 /opt/yaml/kube-flannel.yml
# kube-flannel.yml文件链接：https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
kubectl apply -f /opt/yaml/kube-flannel.yaml
# 查看Master节点状态，此时会提示Ready
kubectl get nodes

# 2. 服务器可以访问github资源-安装方法
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
# 查看Master节点状态，此时节点会提示Ready，Master节点安装完成
kubectl get nodes

附： 2022.12.29 下载的kube-flannel.yml文件，可以手动保存使用

---
kind: Namespace
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel
  labels:
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce: privileged
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - pods
  verbs:
  - get
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes
  verbs:
  - get
  - list
  - watch
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes/status
  verbs:
  - patch
- apiGroups:
  - "networking.k8s.io"
  resources:
  - clustercidrs
  verbs:
  - list
  - watch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-flannel
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-flannel
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-cfg
  namespace: kube-flannel
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
data:
  cni-conf.json: |
    {
      "name": "cbr0",
      "cniVersion": "0.3.1",
      "plugins": [
        {
          "type": "flannel",
          "delegate": {
            "hairpinMode": true,
            "isDefaultGateway": true
          }
        },
        {
          "type": "portmap",
          "capabilities": {
            "portMappings": true
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  net-conf.json: |
    {
      "Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
      "Backend": {
        "Type": "vxlan"
      }
    }
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-ds
  namespace: kube-flannel
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: flannel
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        tier: node
        app: flannel
    spec:
      affinity:
        nodeAffinity:
          requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
            nodeSelectorTerms:
            - matchExpressions:
              - key: kubernetes.io/os
                operator: In
                values:
                - linux
      hostNetwork: true
      priorityClassName: system-node-critical
      tolerations:
      - operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      serviceAccountName: flannel
      initContainers:
      - name: install-cni-plugin
        #image: flannelcni/flannel-cni-plugin:v1.1.2 #for ppc64le and mips64le (dockerhub limitations may apply)
        image: docker.io/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel-cni-plugin:v1.1.2
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /flannel
        - /opt/cni/bin/flannel
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni-plugin
          mountPath: /opt/cni/bin
      - name: install-cni
       #image: flannelcni/flannel:v0.20.2 #for ppc64le and mips64le (dockerhub limitations may apply)
        image: docker.io/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.20.2
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni
          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      containers:
      - name: kube-flannel
       #image: flannelcni/flannel:v0.20.2 #for ppc64le and mips64le (dockerhub limitations may apply)
        image: docker.io/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.20.2
        command:
        - /opt/bin/flanneld
        args:
        - --ip-masq
        - --kube-subnet-mgr
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
        securityContext:
          privileged: false
          capabilities:
            add: ["NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"]
        env:
        - name: POD_NAME
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        - name: POD_NAMESPACE
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.namespace
        - name: EVENT_QUEUE_DEPTH
          value: "5000"
        volumeMounts:
        - name: run
          mountPath: /run/flannel
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
        - name: xtables-lock
          mountPath: /run/xtables.lock
      volumes:
      - name: run
        hostPath:
          path: /run/flannel
      - name: cni-plugin
        hostPath:
          path: /opt/cni/bin
      - name: cni
        hostPath:
          path: /etc/cni/net.d
      - name: flannel-cfg
        configMap:
          name: kube-flannel-cfg
      - name: xtables-lock
        hostPath:
          path: /run/xtables.lock
          type: FileOrCreate

2.2 Node节点（两台）安装

2.2.1 安装Docker

# 安装docker
dnf install -y docker
# 启用docker
systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker
# 查看docker版本
docker --version

2.2.2 安装配置Kubernetes组件

# 安装kubeadmin、kubelet、kubernetes-node
dnf install -y kubernetes-kubeadm kubernetes-kubelet kubernetes-node

# 配置kubelet开机自启
systemctl enable kubelet.service && systemctl start kubelet.service

# containerd 容器运行时cni相关文件默认路径在/usr/libexec/cni
# 拷贝相关文件到cni标准路径
mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin
cp /usr/libexec/cni/* /opt/cni/bin/

# 依据Master节点上创建的token开始join命令，此处可以从 2.1.2 kubeadm init的返回中复制。
kubeadm join 192.168.123.208:6443 --token 9b3zg3.w9428fz00d993pwo --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:0287bffb9cc2c10f9ad53dcdc052462cae5ebef63cecb8d53ff689fb6e358b9e 

见到如下提示安装成功：

回到Master节点查看状态，稍作等待三个节点都会变为Ready

# Master节点查看状态，稍作等待会提示三个节点Ready
kubectl get nodes

3. 测试Kubernetes集群

1. 在Kubernetes集群中创建一个pod，验证是否正常运行

# Master节点操作
# 创建nginx容器
kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx
# 暴露对外端口
kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort
# 查看nginx是否运行成功
kubectl get pod,svc

# 所有节点都可以访问到Nginx
192.168.123.208:30116
192.168.123.167:30116
192.168.123.213:30116

1. 扩容nginx副本测试

# 扩展副本数为3
kubectl scale deployment nginx --replicas=3
# 查看pod状态
kubectl get pods

如下图则扩展成功

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