Space diamonds created by interstellar collision could yield new 'ultra-hard' to...
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Space diamonds created by interstellar collision could yield new 'ultra-hard' tools on Earth
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Space diamonds created by interstellar collision could yield new 'ultra-hard' tools on Earth
Diamonds created by an interstellar collision of a dwarf planet and an asteroid could lead to the development of new super-hard materials for tools and production, researchers say.
Rare lonsdaleite diamonds have been found in ureilite meteorites and likely come from the interior of a dwarf planet, a team of researchers report this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
The presence of lonsdaleite, a substance potentially stronger than traditional diamonds, could eventually lead to production of more durable industrial machine parts for mining and other industries, said Colin MacRae, a scientist with Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) in Canberra, Australia.
Where diamond's carbon atoms are arranged in a cubic shape, the carbon atoms in lonsdaleite are arranged in hexagons.
“If something that’s harder than diamond can be manufactured readily, that’s something (industries) would want to know about,” he said in a description of the research on the CSIRO website.
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The substance behind space diamonds
Lonsdaleite gets its name from British scientist Dame Kathleen Lonsdale, who advanced the study of crystallography and in 1945 was the first woman elected to the Royal Society of London. Its existence has been controversial, but the Australian and U.K. research team used high resolution analysis to find graphite, diamond and lonsdaleite in the meteorite samples.
“This study proves categorically that lonsdaleite exists in nature,” said Dougal McCulloch, director of the RMIT University Microscopy and Microanalysis facility in Melbourne, Australia, in a summary on the RMIT University website.
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