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centos7安装mariadb集群
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centos7安装mariadb集群
1、准备三台Centos7虚拟机环境
机器列表
192.168.48.211
192.168.48.212
192.168.48.213
2、设置主机名（设置三台虚拟机主机名分别为node1，node2，node3）
# vim /etc/hosts
192.168.48.211 node1
192.168.48.212 node2
192.168.48.213 node3
3、关闭SELINUX
# setenforce 0
# sed -i 's,^SELINUX=enforcing,SELINUX=disabled,g' /etc/selinux/config
4、关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
5、使用以下命令快速添加YUM源
# tee /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo <<-'EOF'
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.1/centos7-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
EOF
6、由于Mariadb服务器是在国外，速度较慢，可以使用国内镜像源替代，以USTC镜像源为例
# sed -i 's#yum\.mariadb\.org#mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mariadb/yum#' /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo
7、刷新YUM缓存
# yum makecache
8、查看Mariadb相关的安装包，注意软件包版本和对应的YUM源名字
# yum list MariaDB* galera
部署MariaDB Galera集群
执行yum安装命令(执行节点：node1, node2, node3)
# yum install -y MariaDB-server MariaDB-client galera
待安装完成，启动数据库，并设置root账号权限密码(执行节点：node1, node2, node3)
# systemctl start mariadb
# mysql -uroot -e "grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'root';flush privileges;"
也可使用如下方法设置数据库密码，测试情况使用 root % root
# /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
设置完成之后关闭数据库
# systemctl stop mariadb
配置node1:
# cat /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf | grep -v '#'
[server]
[mysqld]
[galera]
wsrep_on=ON
wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera/libgalera_smm.so
wsrep_cluster_address="gcomm://192.168.48.211,192.168.48.212,192.168.48.213"
wsrep_node_name = node1
binlog_format=row
default_storage_engine=InnoDB
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2
bind-address=0.0.0.0
wsrep_cluster_name="MariaDB_Cluster"
wsrep_node_address=192.168.48.211
wsrep_sst_method=rsync
wsrep_slave_threads=1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=2
innodb_buffer_pool_size=1024M
wsrep_sst_auth=root:root
[embedded]
[mariadb]
[mariadb-10.1]
分别配置node2，node3，修改点为当前节点名称，当前节点ip地址:
# cat /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf | grep -v '#'
[server]
[mysqld]
[galera]
wsrep_on=ON
wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera/libgalera_smm.so
wsrep_cluster_address="gcomm://192.168.48.211,192.168.48.212,192.168.48.213"
wsrep_node_name = node2
binlog_format=row
default_storage_engine=InnoDB
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2
bind-address=0.0.0.0
wsrep_cluster_name="MariaDB_Cluster"
wsrep_node_address=192.168.48.212
wsrep_sst_method=rsync
wsrep_slave_threads=1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=2
innodb_buffer_pool_size=1024M
wsrep_sst_auth=root:root
[embedded]
[mariadb]
[mariadb-10.1]
在node1上执行如下命令，启动一个集群
# /usr/sbin/mysqld --wsrep-new-cluster --user=root &
查看集群状态
# mysql -uroot -proot
MariaDB [(none)]> show status like "wsrep_cluster_size";
+--------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------+-------+
| wsrep_cluster_size | 1 |
+--------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
在node2,node3节点上直接执行如下命令
systemctl start mariadb
再次查看集群状态，可以看到2,3节点已成功加入集群
MariaDB [(none)]> show status like "wsrep_cluster_size";
+--------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------+-------+
| wsrep_cluster_size | 3 |
+--------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
集群数据同步测试
在集群中任一一台主机执行如下命令
MariaDB [(none)]> create database marspie;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.28 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> use marspie;
Database changed
MariaDB [marspie]> create table user(id int primary key,name varchar(64));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.16 sec)
MariaDB [marspie]> show tables;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_marspie |
+-------------------+
| user |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [marspie]> insert into user values(1,'alex');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
MariaDB [marspie]>
查看另外两台主机，我们可以发现数据已经同步了
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| marspie |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> use marspie;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
MariaDB [marspie]> show tables;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_marspie |
+-------------------+
| user |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [marspie]> select * from user;
+----+------+
| id | name |
+----+------+
| 1 | alex |
+----+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [marspie]> insert into user values(2,'kiven');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.21 sec)
MariaDB [marspie]>
常见问题解析
1、在生产环境中必须打开防火墙，如果只开放了 4567 和 针对指定ip开放3306 端口，会导致加入集群失败，需要开放
3306, 4444, 4567, 4568 四个端口才可以正常启动。
2、直接kill点创建集群节点，会导致此节点无法启动
- 第一个启动的节点，在集群关闭数据库时需最后一个停止，再次启动集群是才可正常启动。
- 若第一个启动的节点被kill, 停止所有节点，再次启动第一个节点还是会启动失败，这时需进入mysql数据目录删除galera缓存文件，方可启动集群
[root@node1 ~]# cd /var/lib/mysql/
[root@node1 mysql]# rm -rf grastate.dat gvwstate.dat galera.cache
[root@node1 mysql]# /usr/sbin/mysqld --wsrep-new-cluster --user=root
后续如还有坑再补充！
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