How to Prepare Vultr Marketplace Snapshots
source link: https://www.vultr.com/docs/vultr-marketplace-snapshots
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If you are new to the Vultr Marketplace, please see the documentation overview to get started.
Introduction
After you've installed the required software, configured your application, and set up Marketplace Variables, we strongly suggest optimizing the server before making the snapshot. Some steps to consider are:
- Remove old logs and temporary files.
- Uninstall unneeded software.
- Overwrite free disk sectors with zeros. This allows significant compression and makes customer deployment much faster.
You should adapt the suggested code snippets that follow based on your needs and your OS distribution.
These steps are also available as an example shell script in our GitHub repository.
Verify /tmp
Verify the /tmp
directory exists and has the proper permissions.
# mkdir /tmp
# chmod 1777 /tmp
Update the Server
For yum-based distributions:
# yum update -y
# yum clean all
For apt-based distributions:
# apt-get -y update
# apt-get -y upgrade
# apt-get -y autoremove
# apt-get -y autoclean
Clean Temporary Files
Clean the temporary directories.
# rm -rf /tmp/*
# rm -rf /var/tmp/*
Clean SSH Keys.
# rm -f /root/.ssh/authorized_keys /etc/ssh/*key*
# touch /etc/ssh/revoked_keys
# chmod 600 /etc/ssh/revoked_keys
Clean the logs.
# find /var/log -mtime -1 -type f -exec truncate -s 0 {} \;
# rm -rf /var/log/*.gz
# rm -rf /var/log/*.[0-9]
# rm -rf /var/log/*-????????
# echo "" >/var/log/auth.log
Clean old cloud-init information.
# rm -rf /var/lib/cloud/instances/*
Clean the session history.
# history -c
# cat /dev/null > /root/.bash_history
# unset HISTFILE
Update mlocate
Update the mlocate
database.
# /usr/bin/updatedb
Wipe Random Seed
Wipe the random seed file.
# rm -f /var/lib/systemd/random-seed
Wipe Machine ID
Distributions that use systemd
should wipe the machine identifier to prevent boot problems.
# rm -f /etc/machine-id
# touch /etc/machine-id
Clear login History
Clear the login log history.
# cat /dev/null > /var/log/lastlog
# cat /dev/null > /var/log/wtmp
Wipe Free Space
Wipe unused disk space with zeros for security and compression.
# dd if=/dev/zero of=/zerofile
# sync
# rm /zerofile
# sync
Discard Unused Filesystem Blocks
Not all Linux distributions support fstrim
, but you may consider running this final step before making the snapshot.
# fstrim /
Halt and Power Down
Vultr can snapshot a running server, but you may prefer a clean shutdown. If so, consider halting and powering off the server before taking the snapshot.
# shutdown -h now
To power off:
- Click your server name in the customer portal to open the server information page.
- Click the Server Stop button in the upper left.
Make the Snapshot
- Navigate to the Add Snapshot page in the Vultr Customer Portal.
- Select your instance in the dropdown.
- Enter a descriptive label
- Click Take Snapshot.
Next Steps
After you've created your snapshot, add it to your Vultr Marketplace app as the live image.
More Information
This guide is part of the Vultr Marketplace documentation. Please see the documentation overview for more information.
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