Windows上使用VS code写C++代码

gcc -v
g++ -v
gdb -v

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "C/C++: g++.exe build active file",
            "command": "g++",
            "args": [
                "-g",
                "${file}",
                "-o",
                "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
            },
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ],
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            }
        }
    ]
}

{
  "version": "0.2.0",
  "configurations": [
   {
    "name": "g++.exe - Build and debug active file",
    "type": "cppdbg",
    "request": "launch",
    "program": "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
    "args": [],
    "stopAtEntry": false,
    "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
    "environment": [],
    "externalConsole": false,
    "MIMode": "gdb",
    "miDebuggerPath": "C:\\Program Files\\mingw-w64\\x86_64-8.1.0-posix-seh-rt_v6-rev0\\mingw64\\bin\\gdb.exe",
    "setupCommands": [
     {
      "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
      "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
      "ignoreFailures": true
     }
    ],
    "preLaunchTask": "C/C++: g++.exe build active file"
   }
  ]
 }

{
    // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
    // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "(Windows) Launch",
            "type": "cppdbg",  // default: cppvsdbg
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "miDebuggerPath": "gdb",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": false
        }
    ],
    "preLaunchTask": "C/C++: g++.exe build active file"
}

// https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/editor/tasks
{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [{
        "label": "compile", // 任务名称，与launch.json的preLaunchTask相对应
        "command": "g++",   // 要使用的编译器，C++用g++
        "args": [
            "${file}",
            "-o",    // 指定输出文件名，不加该参数则默认输出a.exe，Linux下默认a.out
            "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
            "-g",    // 生成和调试有关的信息
            "-m64",  // 不知为何有时会生成16位程序而无法运行，此条可强制生成64位的
            "-Wall", // 开启额外警告
            "-static-libgcc",     // 静态链接libgcc，一般都会加上
            "-fexec-charset=GBK", // 生成的程序使用GBK编码，不加这条会导致Win下输出中文乱码；繁体系统改成BIG5
            "-D__USE_MINGW_ANSI_STDIO", // 用MinGW写C时留着，否则不需要，用于支持printf的%zd和%Lf等
        ], // 编译的命令，其实相当于VSC帮你在终端中输了这些东西
        "type": "process", // process是把预定义变量和转义解析后直接全部传给command；shell相当于先打开shell再输入命令，所以args还会经过shell再解析一遍
        "group": {
            "kind": "build",
            "isDefault": true // 不为true时ctrl shift B就要手动选择了
        },
        "presentation": {
            "echo": true,
            "reveal": "always", // 执行任务时是否跳转到终端面板，可以为always，silent，never。具体参见VSC的文档，即使设为never，手动点进去还是可以看到
            "focus": false,     // 设为true后可以使执行task时焦点聚集在终端，但对编译C/C++来说，设为true没有意义
            "panel": "shared"   // 不同的文件的编译信息共享一个终端面板
        },
        "problemMatcher":"$gcc" // 捕捉编译时终端里的报错信息到问题面板中，修改代码后需要重新编译才会再次触发
        // 本来有Lint，再开problemMatcher就有双重报错，但MinGW的Lint效果实在太差了；用Clangd可以注释掉
    }]
}