8
Binder系列9—如何使用AIDL
source link: http://yuanfentiank789.github.io/2015/11/23/binder-aidl/
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自定义binder架构的 client/ server组件
一、AIDL
1.1 Server端
RemoteService.java
本例是为了演示进程间的通信机制，故需要将Service与Activity处于不同的进程，需要在AndroidManifest.xml中，把service配置成android:process=":remote",进程也可以命名成其他的。
public class RemoteService extends Service {
private static final String TAG = "BinderSimple";
MyData mMyData;
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
Log.i(TAG, "[RemoteService] onCreate");
initMyData();
}
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
Log.i(TAG,"[RemoteService] onBind");
return mBinder;
}
@Override
public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {
Log.i(TAG, "[RemoteService] onUnbind");
return super.onUnbind(intent);
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
Log.i(TAG, "[RemoteService] onDestroy");
super.onDestroy();
}
/**
* 实现IRemoteService.aidl中定义的方法
*/
private final IRemoteService.Stub mBinder = new IRemoteService.Stub() {
@Override
public int getPid() throws RemoteException {
Log.i(TAG,"[RemoteService] getPid()="+android.os.Process.myPid());
return android.os.Process.myPid();
}
@Override
public MyData getMyData() throws RemoteException {
Log.i(TAG,"[RemoteService] getMyData() "+ mMyData.toString());
return mMyData;
}
/**此处可用于权限拦截**/
@Override
public boolean onTransact(int code, Parcel data, Parcel reply, int flags) throws RemoteException {
return super.onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);
}
};
/**
* 初始化MyData数据
**/
private void initMyData() {
mMyData = new MyData();
mMyData.setData1(10);
mMyData.setData2(20);
}
}
1.2 Client端
ClientActivity.java
public class ClientActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private static final String TAG = "BinderSimple";
private IRemoteService mRemoteService;
private boolean mIsBound;
private TextView mCallBackTv;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
Log.i(TAG, "[ClientActivity] onCreate");
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mCallBackTv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_callback);
mCallBackTv.setText(R.string.remote_service_unattached);
}
/**
* 用语监控远程服务连接的状态
*/
private ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
mRemoteService = IRemoteService.Stub.asInterface(service);
String pidInfo = null;
try {
MyData myData = mRemoteService.getMyData();
pidInfo = "pid="+ mRemoteService.getPid() +
", data1 = "+ myData.getData1() +
", data2="+ myData.getData2();
} catch (RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Log.i(TAG, "[ClientActivity] onServiceConnected "+pidInfo);
mCallBackTv.setText(pidInfo);
Toast.makeText(ClientActivity.this, R.string.remote_service_connected, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
Log.i(TAG, "[ClientActivity] onServiceDisconnected");
mCallBackTv.setText(R.string.remote_service_disconnected);
mRemoteService = null;
Toast.makeText(ClientActivity.this, R.string.remote_service_disconnected, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
};
public void clickHandler(View view){
switch (view.getId()){
case R.id.btn_bind:
bindRemoteService();
break;
case R.id.btn_unbind:
unbindRemoteService();
break;
case R.id.btn_kill:
killRemoteService();
break;
}
}
/**
* 绑定远程服务
*/
private void bindRemoteService(){
Log.i(TAG, "[ClientActivity] bindRemoteService");
Intent intent = new Intent(ClientActivity.this, RemoteService.class);
intent.setAction(IRemoteService.class.getName());
bindService(intent, mConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
mIsBound = true;
mCallBackTv.setText(R.string.binding);
}
/**
* 解除绑定远程服务
*/
private void unbindRemoteService(){
if(!mIsBound){
return;
}
Log.i(TAG, "[ClientActivity] unbindRemoteService ==>");
unbindService(mConnection);
mIsBound = false;
mCallBackTv.setText(R.string.unbinding);
}
/**
* 杀死远程服务
*/
private void killRemoteService(){
Log.i(TAG, "[ClientActivity] killRemoteService");
try {
android.os.Process.killProcess(mRemoteService.getPid());
mCallBackTv.setText(R.string.kill_success);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Toast.makeText(ClientActivity.this, R.string.kill_failure, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}
1.3 AIDL文件
(1)IRemoteService.aidl
定义远程通信的接口方法
interface IRemoteService {
int getPid();
MyData getMyData();
}
(2)MyData.aidl
定义远程通信的自定义数据
parcelable MyData;
1.4 Parcel数据
MyData.java
public class MyData implements Parcelable {
private int data1;
private int data2;
public MyData(){
}
protected MyData(Parcel in) {
readFromParcel(in);
}
public static final Creator<MyData> CREATOR = new Creator<MyData>() {
@Override
public MyData createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
return new MyData(in);
}
@Override
public MyData[] newArray(int size) {
return new MyData[size];
}
};
@Override
public int describeContents() {
return 0;
}
/** 将数据写入到Parcel **/
@Override
public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
dest.writeInt(data1);
dest.writeInt(data2);
}
/** 从Parcel中读取数据 **/
public void readFromParcel(Parcel in){
data1 = in.readInt();
data2 = in.readInt();
}
public int getData2() {
return data2;
}
public void setData2(int data2) {
this.data2 = data2;
}
public int getData1() {
return data1;
}
public void setData1(int data1) {
this.data1 = data1;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "data1 = "+ data1 + ", data2="+ data2;
}
}
1.5 运行
该工程会生成一个apk，安装到手机，打开apk，界面如下：
界面上有三个按钮，分别是功能分别是bindService(绑定Service), unbindService(解除绑定Service), killProcess(杀死Service进程)。
从左往右，依次点击界面，可得：
二、原理分析
采用AIDL技术，是原理还是利用framework binder的架构。本文的实例AIDL会自动生成一个与之相对应的IRemoteService.java文件，如下：
package com.yuanhh.appbinderdemo;
public interface IRemoteService extends android.os.IInterface {
/**
* Local-side IPC implementation stub class.
*/
public static abstract class Stub extends android.os.Binder implements com.yuanhh.appbinderdemo.IRemoteService {
private static final java.lang.String DESCRIPTOR = "com.yuanhh.appbinderdemo.IRemoteService";
/**
* Stub构造函数
*/
public Stub() {
this.attachInterface(this, DESCRIPTOR);
}
/**
* 将IBinder 转换为IRemoteService interface
*/
public static com.yuanhh.appbinderdemo.IRemoteService asInterface(android.os.IBinder obj) {
if ((obj == null)) {
return null;
}
android.os.IInterface iin = obj.queryLocalInterface(DESCRIPTOR);
if (((iin != null) && (iin instanceof com.yuanhh.appbinderdemo.IRemoteService))) {
return ((com.yuanhh.appbinderdemo.IRemoteService) iin);
}
return new com.yuanhh.appbinderdemo.IRemoteService.Stub.Proxy(obj);
}
@Override
public android.os.IBinder asBinder() {
return this;
}
@Override
public boolean onTransact(int code, android.os.Parcel data, android.os.Parcel reply, int flags) throws android.os.RemoteException {
switch (code) {
case INTERFACE_TRANSACTION: {
reply.writeString(DESCRIPTOR);
return true;
}
case TRANSACTION_getPid: {
data.enforceInterface(DESCRIPTOR);
int _result = this.getPid();
reply.writeNoException();
reply.writeInt(_result);
return true;
}
case TRANSACTION_getMyData: {
data.enforceInterface(DESCRIPTOR);
com.yuanhh.appbinderdemo.MyData _result = this.getMyData();
reply.writeNoException();
if ((_result != null)) {
reply.writeInt(1);
_result.writeToParcel(reply, android.os.Parcelable.PARCELABLE_WRITE_RETURN_VALUE);
} else {
reply.writeInt(0);
}
return true;
}
}
return super.onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);
}
private static class Proxy implements com.yuanhh.appbinderdemo.IRemoteService {
private android.os.IBinder mRemote;
/**
* Proxy构造函数
*/
Proxy(android.os.IBinder remote) {
mRemote = remote;
}
@Override
public android.os.IBinder asBinder() {
return mRemote;
}
public java.lang.String getInterfaceDescriptor() {
return DESCRIPTOR;
}
@Override
public int getPid() throws android.os.RemoteException {
android.os.Parcel _data = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
android.os.Parcel _reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
int _result;
try {
_data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR);
mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_getPid, _data, _reply, 0);
_reply.readException();
_result = _reply.readInt();
} finally {
_reply.recycle();
_data.recycle();
}
return _result;
}
@Override
public com.yuanhh.appbinderdemo.MyData getMyData() throws android.os.RemoteException {
android.os.Parcel _data = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
android.os.Parcel _reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
com.yuanhh.appbinderdemo.MyData _result;
try {
_data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR);
mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_getMyData, _data, _reply, 0);
_reply.readException();
if ((0 != _reply.readInt())) {
_result = com.yuanhh.appbinderdemo.MyData.CREATOR.createFromParcel(_reply);
} else {
_result = null;
}
} finally {
_reply.recycle();
_data.recycle();
}
return _result;
}
}
static final int TRANSACTION_getPid = (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 0);
static final int TRANSACTION_getMyData = (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 1);
}
public int getPid() throws android.os.RemoteException;
public com.yuanhh.appbinderdemo.MyData getMyData() throws android.os.RemoteException;
}
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