用 Python 教你画花样图

用 Python 教你画花样图

4 years ago

source link: http://www.justdopython.com/2020/12/11/Python-Plotly-express-lines/
Go to the source link to view the article. You can view the picture content, updated content and better typesetting reading experience. If the link is broken, please click the button below to view the snapshot at that time.

在之前的一篇文章Python可视化神器-Plotly动画展示展现了可视化神器-Plotly的动画的基本应用,本文介绍如何在Python中使用 Plotly 创建地图并在地图上标相应的线。对于 Plotly的详解请参阅之前的文章。

地球仪加线

根据地球仪的区域显示在相应的位置图形上加上线条，完美的线性地球仪详细代码如下：

import plotly.express as px
df = px.data.gapminder().query("year == 2007")
fig = px.line_geo(df, locations="iso_alpha",
                  color="continent", # "continent" is one of the columns of gapminder
                  projection="orthographic")
fig.show()

显示结果为：**

地图上加线

绘画出相应的地图后添加经纬度，再根据经纬度绘画出相应的线条，详细代码如下：

import plotly.graph_objects as go

fig = go.Figure(data=go.Scattergeo(
    lat = [3.86, 53.55],
    lon = [73.66, 135.05],
    mode = 'lines',
    line = dict(width = 2, color = 'red'),
))

fig.update_layout(
    geo = dict(
        resolution = 50,
        showland = True,
        showlakes = True,
        landcolor = 'rgb(203, 203, 203)',
        countrycolor = 'rgb(204, 204, 204)',
        lakecolor = 'rgb(255, 255, 255)',
        projection_type = "equirectangular",
        coastlinewidth = 3,
        lataxis = dict(
            range = [20, 60],
            showgrid = True,
            dtick = 10
        ),
        lonaxis = dict(
            range = [-100, 20],
            showgrid = True,
            dtick = 20
        ),
    )
)

fig.show()

显示结果如下：

最后的福利-3D图鉴赏

最后加入一个3D图像鉴赏，制作图像详细代码如下：

# 导入包
import plotly.graph_objects as go
from plotly.subplots import make_subplots
import numpy as np

N = 50

fig = make_subplots(rows=2, cols=2,
                    specs=[[{'is_3d': True}, {'is_3d': True}],
                           [{'is_3d': True}, {'is_3d': True}]],
                    print_grid=False)
for i in [1,2]:
    for j in [1,2]:
        fig.append_trace(
            go.Mesh3d(
                x=(50*np.random.randn(N)),
                y=(20*np.random.randn(N)),
                z=(40*np.random.randn(N)),
                opacity=0.5,
              ),
            row=i, col=j)

fig.update_layout(width=700, margin=dict(r=9, l=9, b=9, t=9))
# 将左上角子图中的比率固定为立方体
fig.update_layout(scene_aspectmode='cube')
# 手动强制z轴显示为其他两个的两倍大
fig.update_layout(scene2_aspectmode='manual',
                  scene2_aspectratio=dict(x=1, y=1, z=2))
# 绘制轴线与轴线范围的比例成比例
fig.update_layout(scene3_aspectmode='data')
# 使用“data”作为默认值自动生成比例良好的内容
fig.update_layout(scene4_aspectmode='auto')
#显示
fig.show()

显示结果如下：

希望今天文章和实战对大家有所帮助，在以后的成神路上越来越顺利！