3

手把手教你发布代码到CocoaPods

 3 years ago
source link: https://zackzheng.info/2016/10/14/publish-new-or-updated-libraries-to-CocoaPods/
Go to the source link to view the article. You can view the picture content, updated content and better typesetting reading experience. If the link is broken, please click the button below to view the snapshot at that time.
  • CocoaPods原理
  • 发布与更新自己的pod
    • 安装CocoaPods
    • 创建编辑自己的pod
    • 本地初始化pod并提交到Github
    • 注册CocoaPods并提交pod
    • 更新自己的pod

最近App在整理一些第三方库，包括一些没怎么再维护的替换为自己实现，所以做了一些简单的库上传到CocoaPods方便管理和维护。

CocoaPods原理

每种语言发展到一定阶段，就会出现相应的依赖管理工具，例如Node.js的npm、Swift的Swift Package Manager，早期为iOS提供依赖管理的工具叫做：CocoaPods。

  • CocoaPods会将所有的第三方库以target的方式组成一个名为Pods的工程。整个第三方库工程会生成一个库提供给我们使用。
  • 我们的工程和Pods工程会被以workspace的形式组织和管理，也就是*.xcworkspace文件。
  • CocoaPods上有很多好用的库，以此缩短我们的开发周期和提升软件的质量。
  • CocoaPods会自动将第三方开源库的源码下载下来，并且为工程设置好相应的系统依赖和编译参数。
  • 通过Podfile可以很方便地更新第三方库。

发布与更新自己的pod

下面以我提交的库ZInAppPurchase为例，讲解下整个过程和遇到的问题。

参考官方文档Making CocoaPods

安装CocoaPods

CocoaPods是用Ruby实现的，而Gem是一个管理Ruby库和程序的标准包，它通过Ruby Gem源来查找、安装、升级和卸载软件包。

  • 更新Gem

如果没有翻墙可能会比较慢，可以将原来的源替换成新的。

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
// 查看本机当前设置的源
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:~ zack$ gem source -l
*** CURRENT SOURCES ***

https://rubygems.org/
// 移除掉原有的源
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:~ zack$ gem sources --remove https://rubygems.org/
// 添加国内的源
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:~ zack$ gem sources -a https://ruby.taobao.org/

淘宝的源已不再维护，可以使用新的源，参考RubyGems 镜像 - Ruby China

接下来更新Gem：

1
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:~ zack$ sudo gem update --system
  • 安装并初始化CocoaPods
1
2
3
4
5
6
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:~ zack$ sudo gem install cocoapods --pre
Password:
Successfully installed cocoapods-1.1.0.rc.3
Parsing documentation for cocoapods-1.1.0.rc.3
Done installing documentation for cocoapods after 2 seconds
1 gem installed

使用 –pre 是为了尽量使用最新的版本，没更新时遇到过pod lib lint发生下面错误的情况：

1
xcodebuild: error: 'App.xcworkspace' does not exist.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:~ zack$ pod setup
Setting up CocoaPods master repo
  $ /usr/bin/git -C /Users/zack/.cocoapods/repos/master pull --ff-only
  From https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs
     cae692c..3231da7  master     -> origin/master
  Updating cae692c..3231da7
  Fast-forward
  ......
Setup completed

所有项目的Podspec文件都托管在 https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs 第一次执行 pod setup时，CocoaPods会将这些podspec索引文件更新到本地的 ~/.cocoapods/目录下，这个索引文件比较大。网上有讲解更换repo镜像的方法。

创建编辑自己的pod

使用pod lib的命令。

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:~ zack$ pod lib create ZInAppPurchase
Cloning `https://github.com/CocoaPods/pod-template.git` into `ZInAppPurchase`.
Configuring ZInAppPurchase template.

------------------------------

To get you started we need to ask a few questions, this should only take a minute.

If this is your first time we recommend running through with the guide: 
 - http://guides.cocoapods.org/making/using-pod-lib-create.html
 ( hold cmd and double click links to open in a browser. )


What language do you want to use?? [ Swift / ObjC ]
 > Swift

Would you like to include a demo application with your library? [ Yes / No ]
 > Yes

Which testing frameworks will you use? [ Quick / None ]
 > None

Would you like to do view based testing? [ Yes / No ]
 > No

Running pod install on your new library.

Analyzing dependencies
Fetching podspec for `ZInAppPurchase` from `../`
Downloading dependencies
Installing ZInAppPurchase (0.1.0)
Generating Pods project
Integrating client project

[!] Please close any current Xcode sessions and use `ZInAppPurchase.xcworkspace` for this project from now on.
Sending stats
Pod installation complete! There is 1 dependency from the Podfile and 1 total pod installed.

Ace! you're ready to go!
 We will start you off by opening your project in Xcode
  open 'ZInAppPurchase/Example/ZInAppPurchase.xcworkspace'

To learn more about the template see `https://github.com/CocoaPods/pod-template.git`.
To learn more about creating a new pod, see `http://guides.cocoapods.org/making/making-a-cocoapod`.

修改文件：

/Users/zack/ZInAppPurchase/ZInAppPurchase/Classes/ReplaceMe.swift
/Users/zack/ZInAppPurchase/ZInAppPurchase.podspec

*.podspec文件主要是修改s.homepage、s.source、s.frameworks。

ZInAppPurchase.podspec内容如下：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Pod::Spec.new do |s|
  s.name             = 'ZInAppPurchase'
  s.version          = '0.1.1'
  s.summary          = 'A short description of ZInAppPurchase.'

s.description      = <<-DESC
TODO: Add long description of the pod here.
                       DESC

s.homepage         = 'https://github.com/sapphirezzz/ZInAppPurchase'
  s.license          = { :type => 'MIT', :file => 'LICENSE' }
  s.author           = { 'sapphirezzz' => '[email protected]' }
  s.source           = { :git => 'https://github.com/sapphirezzz/ZInAppPurchase.git', :tag => s.version.to_s }

s.ios.deployment_target = '8.0'

s.source_files = 'ZInAppPurchase/Classes/**/*'
  s.frameworks = 'Foundation', 'StoreKit'
end

安装pod：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:~ zack$ cd ZInAppPurchase/Example/
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:Example zack$ pod install
Analyzing dependencies
Fetching podspec for `ZInAppPurchase` from `../`
Downloading dependencies
Installing ZInAppPurchase 0.1.0 (was 0.1.0)
Generating Pods project
Integrating client project
Sending stats
Pod installation complete! There is 1 dependency from the Podfile and 1 total pod installed.

此时会看到工程目录下多出ZInAppPurchase.xcworkspace、Podfile.lock文件和Pods目录。

接下来可以打开下面文件编写库：

/Users/zack/ZInAppPurchase/Example/ZInAppPurchase.xcworkspace

本地初始化pod并提交到Github

先到Github建立仓库ZInAppPurchase，并提交代码：

1
2
3
4
5
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:ZInAppPurchase zack$ git add -A && git commit -m "Release 0.1.0"
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:ZInAppPurchase zack$ git tag '0.1.1'
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:ZInAppPurchase zack$ git remote add origin [email protected]:sapphirezzz/ZInAppPurchase.git
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:ZInAppPurchase zack$ git push --tags
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:ZInAppPurchase zack$ git push origin master

初始化pod：

1
2
3
4
5
6
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:ZInAppPurchase zack$ pod lib lint --allow-warnings

-> ZInAppPurchase (0.1.0)
    - WARN  | summary: The summary is not meaningful.

ZInAppPurchase passed validation.

使用–allow-warnings是使得有warning时也能验证通过。比如：WARN | summary: The summary is not meaningful.

注册CocoaPods并提交pod

1
2
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:ZInAppPurchase zack$ pod trunk register [email protected] 'zackzheng' --description='macbook pro'
[!] Please verify the session by clicking the link in the verification email that has been sent to [email protected]

然后打开收到的标题为[CocoaPods] Confirm your session.的邮件，点击链接之后跳转页面，会看到：

You can go back to your terminal now.

最后就deploy了：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:ZInAppPurchase zack$ pod trunk push ZInAppPurchase.podspec --allow-warnings
Updating spec repo `master`
Validating podspec
 -> ZInAppPurchase (0.1.0)
    - WARN  | summary: The summary is not meaningful.

Updating spec repo `master`
  - Data URL: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CocoaPods/Specs/ae961ca47afb2a9171653382214897c4e160a679/Specs/ZInAppPurchase/0.1.0/ZInAppPurchase.podspec.json
  - Log messages:
    - October 13th, 11:28: Push for `ZInAppPurchase 0.1.0' initiated.
    - October 13th, 11:28: Push for `ZInAppPurchase 0.1.0' has been pushed
    (1.423909231 s).

看看库是否已经可以找到：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:ZInAppPurchase zack$ pod search ZInAppPurchase
-> ZInAppPurchase (0.1.0)
   A short description of ZInAppPurchase.
   pod 'ZInAppPurchase', '~> 0.1.0'
   - Homepage: https://github.com/sapphirezzz/ZInAppPurchase
   - Source:   https://github.com/sapphirezzz/ZInAppPurchase.git
   - Versions: 0.1.0 [master repo]
(END)

组合键shift+Q退出

更新自己的pod

修改完代码之后，提交到Github并push到CocoaPods：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:ZInAppPurchase zack$ git add -A && git commit -m 
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:ZInAppPurchase zack$ git tag '0.1.1'
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:ZInAppPurchase zack$ git push --tags
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:ZInAppPurchase zack$ pod trunk push ZInAppPurchase.podspec --allow-warnings
Updating spec repo `master`
Validating podspec
 -> ZInAppPurchase (0.1.1)
    - WARN  | summary: The summary is not meaningful.

Updating spec repo `master`
  - Data URL: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CocoaPods/Specs/1fba9c650a4212c0b7be707698b8597556f0ece7/Specs/ZInAppPurchase/0.1.1/ZInAppPurchase.podspec.json
  - Log messages:
    - October 13th, 12:42: Push for `ZInAppPurchase 0.1.1' initiated.
    - October 13th, 12:43: Push for `ZInAppPurchase 0.1.1' has been pushed
    (1.090057228 s).

查看CocoaPods上的个人信息：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
ZackZhengdeMacBook-Pro:ZInAppPurchase zack$ pod trunk me
  - Name:     Zackzheng
  - Email:    [email protected]
  - Since:    May 30th, 21:28
  - Pods:
    - ZInAppPurchase
    - ZPlaceholderTextView
    - ZPopTipView
  - Sessions:
    - May 30th, 21:28       -        October 6th, 00:10. IP: 14.18.48.167 

- September 28th, 02:06 - February 18th, 2017 10:43. IP: 121.33.185.113
    Description: macbook pro
    - October 13th, 11:24   - February 18th, 2017 11:31. IP: 183.240.19.242
    Description: macbook pro

有时候如果提交有问题，可以执行一下命令删除：

// 直接废去这个pod

pod trunk deprecate ZInAppPurchase

// 废去这个pod的某个版本

pod trunk delete ZInAppPurchase 1.0.0

测试过，两个命令使用完都没返回成功，且pod search是可以找到的，但实际却是成功的。

-END-
欢迎到我的博客交流：https://zackzheng.info


report

Recommend

About Joyk


Aggregate valuable and interesting links.
Joyk means Joy of geeK