21

Clean Architecture - Android

 4 years ago
source link: https://junbin.tech/2020/04/21/Clean-Architecture-Android/
Go to the source link to view the article. You can view the picture content, updated content and better typesetting reading experience. If the link is broken, please click the button below to view the snapshot at that time.

zyaMjmm.jpg!web

  • 独立于框架
  • 可测试
  • 独立于UI
  • 独立于数据库
  • 独立于外部依赖

    TODO

vq2uueI.gif

架构设计

J3MrQjE.png!web

Data Layer(数据层)

仓储模式(Repository Pattern)是存在于业务和数据库之间单独分离出来的一层,是对数据访问的封装。

  • 业务层无需知道具体实现达到分离关注点
  • 提高对数据访问的维护,对于仓储的改变并不改变业务的逻辑

VBfMJjI.png!web

接口

 public interface TasksDataSource {

    void getTask(@NonNull String taskId, @NonNull GetTaskCallback callback);

    void saveTask(@NonNull Task task);

    void completeTask(@NonNull Task task);

    void deleteTask(@NonNull String taskId);
}

Domain Layer (领域层)

  • 包含所有的业务逻辑
  • Use case 定义应用程序需要的操作
  • 该层是一个纯Java模块,没有任何Android依赖项

UnuEzev.png!web

Task Domain

public final class Task {
    private final String mId;
    private final String mTitle;
    private final String mDescription;
    private final boolean mCompleted;
    // ... ...
}
public class CompleteTask extends UseCase<CompleteTask.RequestValues, CompleteTask.ResponseValue> {

    private final TasksRepository mTasksRepository;

    @Override
    protected void executeUseCase(final RequestValues values) {
        String completedTask = values.getCompletedTask();
        mTasksRepository.completeTask(completedTask);
        getUseCaseCallback().onSuccess(new ResponseValue());
    }
}

Statistics Domain

public class Statistics {
   private final int completedTasks;
   private final int activeTasks;
   //... ...
}
public class GetStatistics extends UseCase<GetStatistics.RequestValues, GetStatistics.ResponseValue> {

    private final TasksRepository mTasksRepository;

    @Override
    protected void executeUseCase(RequestValues requestValues) {
        mTasksRepository.getTasks(new TasksDataSource.LoadTasksCallback() {
            @Override
            public void onTasksLoaded(List<Task> tasks) {
                int activeTasks = 0;
                int completedTasks = 0;
                // We calculate number of active and completed tasks
            }
        });
    }

Presentation Layer (表现层)

  • 根据Domain Layer的数据进行界面显示
  • 将业务逻辑移动到领域层中更小粒度的Use case,避免Presenter的代码重复

    BV3eYju.png!web

Presenter

 public class TasksPresenter implements TasksContract.Presenter {

    private final TasksContract.View mTasksView;
    private final GetTasks mGetTasks;
    private final CompleteTask mCompleteTask;

    private void loadTasks(boolean forceUpdate, final boolean showLoadingUI) {
        

        GetTasks.RequestValues requestValue = new GetTasks.RequestValues(forceUpdate,
                mCurrentFiltering);

        mUseCaseHandler.execute(mGetTasks, requestValue,
                new UseCase.UseCaseCallback<GetTasks.ResponseValue>() {
                    @Override
                    public void onSuccess(GetTasks.ResponseValue response) {
                        // ... ...
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onError() {
                        // The view may not be able to handle UI updates anymore
                        if (!mTasksView.isActive()) {
                            return;
                        }
                        mTasksView.showLoadingTasksError();
                    }
                });
    }

}

Test

  • Presentation Layer (表现层):小型/中型测试, Robolectric、Espresso
  • Domain Layer (领域层):小型测试,Junit、Mockito
  • Data Layer(数据层): 小型/中型测试,Robolectric(因为该层具有android依赖项),Junit、Mockito

中型测试

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public class TasksScreenTest {
      private void createTask(String title, String description) {
        // Click on the add task button
        onView(withId(R.id.fab_add_task)).perform(click());

        // Add task title and description
        onView(withId(R.id.add_task_title)).perform(typeText(title),
                closeSoftKeyboard()); // Type new task title
        onView(withId(R.id.add_task_description)).perform(typeText(description),
                closeSoftKeyboard()); // Type new task description and close the keyboard

        // Save the task
        onView(withId(R.id.fab_edit_task_done)).perform(click());
    }
    // ... ...
}

小型测试

public class TasksPresenterTest {
       @Test
   public void completeTask_ShowsTaskMarkedComplete() {
       // Given a stubbed task
       Task task = new Task("Details Requested", "For this task");

       // When task is marked as complete
       mTasksPresenter.completeTask(task);

       // Then repository is called and task marked complete UI is shown
       verify(mTasksRepository).completeTask(eq(task.getId()));
       verify(mTasksView).showTaskMarkedComplete();
   }
   //... ...
}

示例(Java)

android/architecture-samples

https://github.com/android/architecture-samples/tree/todo-mvp-clean

推荐(Kotlin)

android10/Android-CleanArchitecture-Kotlin

https://github.com/android10/Android-CleanArchitecture-Kotlin

关于

欢迎关注我的个人公众号

微信搜索: 一码一浮生 ,或者搜索公众号ID: life2code

AFn6Br7.png!web


About Joyk


Aggregate valuable and interesting links.
Joyk means Joy of geeK