Rust Implementation of Conway's Game of Life

Life

This is an implementation of Conway's Game of Life that I wrote in Rust purely for fun.

It uses Piston to create a window and draw the world state to it.

The simulation can be parameterized with the initial configurations found under src/configurations/ . Each is a text file describing a grid where dots ( . ) are "dead" cells and stars ( * ) are "alive" cells. The grid can be any size and everything outside of it is assumed to be dead. The format was adopted from the Life Lexicon , and the configurations in this repository were taken directly from the ASCII version of that document. Importing new ones is easy, but there are far too many for me to have bothered to do all of them.

Running the program

Assuming you have cargo insalled, just execute cargo run <CONFIG> where <CONFIG> is the name of one of the configurations under src/configurations/ (without .txt ). So for example, to run glider.txt , type:

cargo run glider

Implementation notes

At first glance Life seems very straightforward to implement, but there are two interesting wrinkles:

1. Each new world state depends on the previous state, in a way that can't be localized completely, so you can't just overwrite state in-place
2. Ideally the board is "infinite"; the "creatures" can progress infinitely in any direction, so it's best if they don't hit a wall

I solved the first problem with a dual-buffer system. The next board state is construted based off of the current one, in an independent data structure, and then the two are "flipped" and the new one becomes the "current" one, their roles reversed in the next cycle.

The second problem was trickier. The most obvious data structure for Life is a 2D array. But that will have walls, and while it could be re-allocated as necessary to grow indefinitely, this would get extremely memory-inefficient for, say, a glider that shoots off in one direction and leaves nothing behind.

What I landed on was using a HashMap whose keys are locations (row/column) and whose values are booleans, indicating aliveness state. This allows the structure to be incredibly "sparse"; i.e., memory usage is tied to how many cells are alive, not where they are or where they've been before. It only needs to actually record the ones that are alive right now, and the ones that might become alive next cycle (direct neighbors of the currently-alive). These keys of the current HashMap are then iterated over as the only candidates for being "possibly alive" in the next cycle.