Ape – an easy-to-embed programming language in two C files
source link: https://github.com/kgabis/ape
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The Ape Programming Language
About
Ape is an easy to use programming language and library written in C. It's an offspring of Monkey language (from Writing An Interpreter In Go and Writing A Compiler In Go books by Thorsten Ball ), but it evolved to be more procedural with variables, loops, and more.
Current state
It's under development so everything in the language and the api might change.
Example
fn contains_item(to_find, items) { for (item in items) { if (item == to_find) { return true } } return false } const cities = ["Warszawa", "Rabka", "Szczecin"] if (contains_item("Warszawa", cities)) { println("found!") }
Embedding
Add ape.h and ape.c to your project and compile ape.c with a C compiler before linking.
#include "ape.h" int main() { ape_t *ape = ape_make(); ape_execute(ape, "println(\"hello world\")"); ape_destroy(ape); return 0; }
An example that shows how to call Ape functions from C code and vice versa can be found here .
Language
Ape is a dynamically typed language with mark and sweep garbage collection. It's compiled to bytecode and executed on internal VM. It's fairly fast for simple numeric operations and not very heavy on allocations (custom allocators can be configured).
Basic types
bool
, string
, number
(double precision float), array
, map
, function
, error
Operators
Math: + - * / Logical: ! < > <= >= == != && || Assignment: = += -= *= /=
Defining constants and variables
const constant = 2 constant = 1 // fail var variable = 3 variable = 7 // ok
Arrays
const arr = [1, 2, 3] arr[0] // -> 1
Maps
const map = {"lorem": 1, 'ipsum': 2, dolor: 3} map.lorem // -> 1, dot is a syntactic sugar for [""] map["ipsum"] // -> 2 map['dolor'] // -> 3
Conditional statements
if (a) { // a } else if (b) { // b } else { // c }
Loops
while (true) { // body } var items = [1, 2, 3] for (item in items) { if (item == 2) { break } else { continue } } for (var i = 0; i < 10; i += 1) { // body }
Functions
const add_1 = fn(a, b) { return a + b } fn add_2(a, b) { return a + b } fn map_items(items, map_fn) { const res = [] for (item in items) { append(res, map_fn(item)) } return res } map_items([1, 2, 3], fn(x){ return x + 1 }) fn make_person(name) { const person = {} person.name = name person.greet = fn() { println("Hello, I'm " + name) } return person }
Errors
const err = error("something bad happened) if (is_error(err)) { println(err) }
Modules
import "foo" // imports "foo.bn" and load global symbols prefixed with foo:: foo::bar()
Splitting and joining
ape.c can be split into separate files by running utils/split.py:
utils/split.py --input ape.c --output-path ape
It can be joined back into a single file with utils/join.py:
utils/join.py --template utils/ape.c.templ --path ape --output ape.c
License
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