49

Nodejs爬虫,使用cheerio+request+phantomjs实现超简单爬虫

 5 years ago
source link: https://tomoya92.github.io/2018/09/20/nodejs-crawling/?amp%3Butm_medium=referral
Go to the source link to view the article. You can view the picture content, updated content and better typesetting reading experience. If the link is broken, please click the button below to view the snapshot at that time.

之前写过golang里比较好用的爬虫工具是 goquery[传送门]

今天来介绍一下nodejs里的爬虫

创建项目

使用npm初始化一个nodejs项目

# 创建一个文件夹 crawling
mkdir crawling
# 进入文件夹并初始化
cd crawling
npm init

安装依赖

yarn add cheerio request iconv-lite
  • cheerio 像jquery一样用来解析网页的
  • request http请求的工具
  • iconv-lite request默认编码是utf-8, 如果网页不是utf-8编码,可以用来转码

封装一下request

var request = require('request');
var iconv = require('iconv-lite');

module.exports = function(url, method, encoding, callback) {
  request({
    url: url,
    method: method,
    encoding: null,
    // proxy: 'http://127.0.0.1:1087',
    headers: {
      'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/68.0.3440.106 Safari/537.36'
    }
  }, function(err, res, body) {
    body = iconv.decode(body, encoding);
    if (err) {
      console.log(err);
    } else {
      callback(body);
    }
  })
}

开始爬取

var request = require('./request');
var cheerio = require('./cheerio');

function fetch() {
  request('https://cnodejs.org/', 'get', 'utf-8', function(body) {
    var $ = cheerio.load(body);
    $('#topic_list').find('.cell').each(function(i, v) {
      var title = $(v).find('.topic_title').text();
      var href = 'https://cnodejs.org' + $(v).find('.topic_title').attr('href');
      console.log(title, href);
    })
  })
}

运行结果

2aQVJfm.png!web

抓取网站是js渲染的

现在前端这么流行,很多网站都是用js框架写的了,这导致页面都是用js渲染的,普通的http请求拿到的只是html页面,它不会执行js,所以也就没有内容了,下面介绍一下用phantomjs来抓取js渲染的网页内容

这里用网易新闻手机版的,打开链接 https://3g.163.com/touch/news/ 然后查看页面源代码,可以看到body里是没有内容的

mq63QvZ.png!web

安装依赖

yarn add phantom
var phantom = require('phantom');

function news() {
  var sitepage, phInstance;
  phantom.create()
    .then(function (instance) {
      phInstance = instance;
      return instance.createPage();
    }).then(function (page) {
      sitepage = page;
      return page.open('https://3g.163.com/touch/news/');
    }).then(function (status) {
      return sitepage.property('content');
    }).then(function (content) {
      var $ = cheerio.load(content);
      $(".recommend-list>article").each(function (i, v) {
        var title = $(v).find('.title').text();
        var href = $(v).find('a').attr('href');
        console.log(title, href);
      });
    }).then(function() {
      sitepage.close();
      phInstance.exit();
    }).catch(function (err) {
      phInstance.exit();
    })
}

运行结果

bam2ymf.png!web

原文链接:


About Joyk


Aggregate valuable and interesting links.
Joyk means Joy of geeK