特殊字符的json序列化

特殊字符的json序列化

6 years ago

source link: https://studygolang.com/articles/14735?amp%3Butm_medium=referral
Go to the source link to view the article. You can view the picture content, updated content and better typesetting reading experience. If the link is broken, please click the button below to view the snapshot at that time.

先来看一段 golang

package main

import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
)

func main() {

    data := map[string]string{
        "str0": "Hello, world",
        "str1": "<",
        "str2": ">",
        "str3": "&",
    }
    jsonStr, _ := json.Marshal(data)

    fmt.Println(string(jsonStr))
}

输出结果

{"str0":"Hello, world","str1":"\u003c","str2":"\u003e","str3":"\u0026"}

先来段 rust 的

extern crate rustc_serialize;
use rustc_serialize::json;
use std::collections::HashMap;

fn main(){
    let mut data =  HashMap::new();
    data.insert("str0","Hello, world");
    data.insert("str1","<");
    data.insert("str2",">");
    data.insert("str3","&");
    println!("{}", json::encode(&data).unwrap());
}
}

结果

{"str0":"Hello, world","str2":">","str1":"<","str3":"&"}

再来看段 python 的

import json

data = dict(str0='Hello, world',str1='<',str2='>',str3='&')

print(json.dumps(data))

输出结果

{"str0": "Hello, world", "str1": "<", "str2": ">", "str3": "&"}

再看看java的

import org.json.simple.JSONObject;

class JsonDemo
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        JSONObject obj = new JSONObject();

        obj.put("str0", "Hello, world");
        obj.put("str1", "<");
        obj.put("str2", ">");
        obj.put("str3", "&");

        System.out.println(obj);
    }
}

输出结果

{"str3":"&","str1":"<","str2":">","str0":"Hello, world"}

可以看到 python 、 rust 和 java 对这4个字符串序列化结果几乎是相同的了(除了java序列化后顺序有微小变化外），golang明显对 < ,

> , & 进行了转义处理，看看文档怎么说的

// String values encode as JSON strings coerced to valid UTF-8,  // replacing invalid bytes with the Unicode replacement rune.  // The angle brackets "<" and ">" are escaped to "\u003c" and "\u003e"  // to keep some browsers from misinterpreting JSON output as HTML.  // Ampersand "&" is also escaped to "\u0026" for the same reason.

& 被转义是为了防止一些浏览器将JSON输出曲解为HTML，

而 < , > 被强制转义是因为golang认为这俩是无效字节（这点比较奇怪），

我如果技术栈都是golang还好说，如果跨语言跨部门合作一定需要注意这点（已踩坑）……

Recommend