Vim Cheat Sheet

Global

• :h[elp] keyword - open help for keyword
• :sav[eas] file - save file as
• :clo[se] - close current pane
• :ter[minal] - open a terminal window
• K - open man page for word under the cursor

تحريك المؤشر

• h - تحريك المؤشر لليسار
• j - تحريك المؤشر للأسفل
• k - تحريك المؤشر للأعلى
• l - تحريك المؤشر لليمين
• H - move to top of screen
• M - move to middle of screen
• L - move to bottom of screen
• w - اقفز للأمام إلى بداية كلمة
• W - اقفز للأمام إلى بداية كلمة (يمكن للكلمات أن تشمل علامات الترقيم)
• e - اقفز للأمام إلى نهاية الكلمة
• E - اقفز للأمام إلى نهاية كلمة (يمكن للكلمات أن تشمل علامات الترقيم)
• b - اقفز للوراء إلى بداية الكلمة
• B - اقفز للوراء إلى بداية الكلمة (يمكن للكلمات أن تشمل علامات الترقيم)
• ge - jump backwards to the end of a word
• gE - jump backwards to the end of a word (words can contain punctuation)
• % - move to matching character (default supported pairs: '()', '{}', '[]' - use :h matchpairs in vim for more info)
• 0 - اقفز إلى بداية السطر
• ^ - اقفز إلى الخانة الأولى غير الفارغة في السطر
• $ - اقفز إلى نهاية السطر
• g_ - اقفز إلى الخانة الآخيرة غير الفارغة في السطر
• gg - اذهب إلى السطر الأول في الملف
• G - اذهب إلى السطر الآخير في الملف
• 5gg or 5G - اذهب إلى السطر رقم ٥
• gd - move to local declaration
• gD - move to global declaration
• fx - اقفز إلى الخانة بعد الحدوث التالي لحرف اكس
• tx - اقفز إلى الخانة قبل الحدوث التالي لحرف اكس
• Fx - اقفز الى الخانة بغد الحدوث السابق لحرف اكس
• Tx - اقفز الى الخانة قبل الحدوث السابق لحرف اكس
• ; - repeat previous f, t, F or T movement
• , - repeat previous f, t, F or T movement, backwards
• } - / البلوك عند تحرير الكود)اقفز إلى القترة التالية (أم الدالة
• { - jump to previous paragraph (or function/block, when editing code)
• zz - center cursor on screen
• Ctrl + e - move screen down one line (without moving cursor)
• Ctrl + y - move screen up one line (without moving cursor)
• Ctrl + b - move back one full screen
• Ctrl + f - move forward one full screen
• Ctrl + d - move forward 1/2 a screen
• Ctrl + u - move back 1/2 a screen

Insert mode - inserting/appending text

• i - insert before the cursor
• I - insert at the beginning of the line
• a - insert (append) after the cursor
• A - insert (append) at the end of the line
• o - append (open) a new line below the current line
• O - append (open) a new line above the current line
• ea - insert (append) at the end of the word
• Ctrl + h - delete the character before the cursor during insert mode
• Ctrl + w - delete word before the cursor during insert mode
• Ctrl + j - begin new line during insert mode
• Ctrl + t - indent (move right) line one shiftwidth during insert mode
• Ctrl + d - de-indent (move left) line one shiftwidth during insert mode
• Ctrl + n - insert (auto-complete) next match before the cursor during insert mode
• Ctrl + p - insert (auto-complete) previous match before the cursor during insert mode
• Ctrl + rx - insert the contents of register x
• Ctrl + ox - Temporarily enter normal mode to issue one normal-mode command x.
• Esc - exit insert mode

Editing

• r - replace a single character
• R - replace more than one character, until ESC is pressed.
• J - join line below to the current one
• gJ - join line below to the current one without space in between
• gwip - reflow paragraph
• g~ - switch case up to motion
• gu - change to lowercase up to motion
• gU - change to uppercase up to motion
• cc - change (replace) entire line
• C - change (replace) to the end of the line
• c$ - change (replace) to the end of the line
• ciw - change (replace) entire word
• cw or ce - change (replace) to the end of the word
• s - delete character and substitute text
• S - delete line and substitute text (same as cc)
• xp - transpose two letters (delete and paste)
• u - undo
• U - restore (undo) last changed line
• Ctrl + r - redo
• . - repeat last command

Marking text (visual mode)

• v - start visual mode, mark lines, then do a command (like y-yank)
• V - start linewise visual mode
• o - move to other end of marked area
• Ctrl + v - start visual block mode
• O - move to other corner of block
• aw - mark a word
• ab - a block with ()
• aB - a block with {}
• at - a block with <> tags
• ib - inner block with ()
• iB - inner block with {}
• it - inner block with <> tags
• Esc - exit visual mode

Visual commands

• > - shift text right
• < - shift text left
• y - yank (copy) marked text
• d - delete marked text
• ~ - switch case
• u - change marked text to lowercase
• U - change marked text to uppercase

Registers

• :reg[isters] - show registers content
• "xy - yank into register x
• "xp - paste contents of register x
• "+y - yank into the system clipboard register
• "+p - paste from the system clipboard register

Marks

• :marks - list of marks
• ma - set current position for mark A
• `a - jump to position of mark A
• y`a - yank text to position of mark A
• `0 - go to the position where Vim was previously exited
• `" - go to the position when last editing this file
• `. - go to the position of the last change in this file
• `` - go to the position before the last jump
• :ju[mps] - list of jumps
• Ctrl + i - go to newer position in jump list
• Ctrl + o - go to older position in jump list
• :changes - list of changes
• g, - go to newer position in change list
• g; - go to older position in change list
• Ctrl + ] - jump to the tag under cursor

Macros

• qa - record macro a
• q - stop recording macro
• @a - run macro a
• @@ - rerun last run macro

Cut and paste

• yy - yank (copy) a line
• 2yy - yank (copy) 2 lines
• yw - yank (copy) word
• yiw - yank (copy) word under the cursor
• yaw - yank (copy) word under the cursor and the space after or before it
• y$ - yank (copy) to end of line
• p - put (paste) the clipboard after cursor
• P - put (paste) before cursor
• dd - delete (cut) a line
• 2dd - delete (cut) 2 lines
• dw - delete (cut) word
• diw - delete (cut) word under the cursor
• daw - delete (cut) word under the cursor and the space after or before it
• D - delete (cut) to the end of the line
• d$ - delete (cut) to the end of the line
• x - delete (cut) character

Indent text

• >> - indent (move right) line one shiftwidth
• << - de-indent (move left) line one shiftwidth
• >% - indent a block with () or {} (cursor on brace)
• >ib - indent inner block with ()
• >at - indent a block with <> tags
• 3== - re-indent 3 lines
• =% - re-indent a block with () or {} (cursor on brace)
• =iB - re-indent inner block with {}
• gg=G - re-indent entire buffer
• ]p - paste and adjust indent to current line

Exiting

• :w - write (save) the file, but don't exit
• :w !sudo tee % - write out the current file using sudo
• :wq or :x or ZZ - write (save) and quit
• :q - quit (fails if there are unsaved changes)
• :q! or ZQ - quit and throw away unsaved changes
• :wqa - write (save) and quit on all tabs

Search and replace

• /pattern - search for pattern
• ?pattern - search backward for pattern
• \vpattern - 'very magic' pattern: non-alphanumeric characters are interpreted as special regex symbols (no escaping needed)
• n - repeat search in same direction
• N - repeat search in opposite direction
• :%s/old/new/g - replace all old with new throughout file
• :%s/old/new/gc - replace all old with new throughout file with confirmations
• :noh[lsearch] - remove highlighting of search matches

Search in multiple files

• :vim[grep] /pattern/ {`{file}`} - search for pattern in multiple files

• :cn[ext] - jump to the next match
• :cp[revious] - jump to the previous match
• :cope[n] - open a window containing the list of matches
• :ccl[ose] - close the quickfix window

• :tabnew or :tabnew {page.words.file} - open a file in a new tab
• Ctrl + wT - move the current split window into its own tab
• gt or :tabn[ext] - move to the next tab
• gT or :tabp[revious] - move to the previous tab
• #gt - move to tab number #
• :tabm[ove] # - move current tab to the #th position (indexed from 0)
• :tabc[lose] - close the current tab and all its windows
• :tabo[nly] - close all tabs except for the current one
• :tabdo command - run the command on all tabs (e.g. :tabdo q - closes all opened tabs)

Working with multiple files

• :e[dit] file - edit a file in a new buffer
• :bn[ext] - go to the next buffer
• :bp[revious] - go to the previous buffer
• :bd[elete] - delete a buffer (close a file)
• :b[uffer]# - go to a buffer by #
• :b[uffer] file - go to a buffer by file
• :ls or :buffers - list all open buffers
• :sp[lit] file - open a file in a new buffer and split window
• :vs[plit] file - open a file in a new buffer and vertically split window
• :vert[ical] ba[ll] - edit all buffers as vertical windows
• :tab ba[ll] - edit all buffers as tabs
• Ctrl + ws - split window
• Ctrl + wv - split window vertically
• Ctrl + ww - switch windows
• Ctrl + wq - quit a window
• Ctrl + wx - exchange current window with next one
• Ctrl + w= - make all windows equal height & width
• Ctrl + wh - move cursor to the left window (vertical split)
• Ctrl + wl - move cursor to the right window (vertical split)
• Ctrl + wj - move cursor to the window below (horizontal split)
• Ctrl + wk - move cursor to the window above (horizontal split)
• Ctrl + wH - make current window full height at far left (leftmost vertical window)
• Ctrl + wL - make current window full height at far right (rightmost vertical window)
• Ctrl + wJ - make current window full width at the very bottom (bottommost horizontal window)
• Ctrl + wK - make current window full width at the very top (topmost horizontal window)

• zf - manually define a fold up to motion
• zd - delete fold under the cursor
• za - toggle fold under the cursor
• zo - open fold under the cursor
• zc - close fold under the cursor
• zr - reduce (open) all folds by one level
• zm - fold more (close) all folds by one level
• zi - toggle folding functionality
• ]c - jump to start of next change
• [c - jump to start of previous change
• do or :diffg[et] - obtain (get) difference (from other buffer)
• dp or :diffpu[t] - put difference (to other buffer)
• :diffthis - make current window part of diff
• :dif[fupdate] - update differences
• :diffo[ff] - switch off diff mode for current window