MongoDB分片副本集搭建

1、安装mongodb
tar xvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-enterprise-rhel70-3.6.2.tgz -C /usr/local/
cd /usr/local
mv mongodb-linux-x86_64-enterprise-rhel70-3.6.2/ mongodb
mkdir -p /usr/local/mongodb/conf
mkdir -p /usr/local/mongodb/mongos/log
mkdir -p /usr/local/mongodb/config/data
mkdir -p /usr/local/mongodb/config/log
mkdir -p /usr/local/mongodb/shard1/data
mkdir -p /usr/local/mongodb/shard1/log
mkdir -p /usr/local/mongodb/shard2/data
mkdir -p /usr/local/mongodb/shard2/log
mkdir -p /usr/local/mongodb/shard3/data
mkdir -p /usr/local/mongodb/shard3/log
chown -R mongo.mongo /usr/local/mongodb

2、config server配置服务器
vim /usr/local/mongodb/conf/config.conf
#配置文件内容
pidfilepath = /usr/local/mongodb/config/log/configsrv.pid
dbpath = /usr/local/mongodb/config/data
logpath = /usr/local/mongodb/config/log/congigsrv.log
logappend = true
bind_ip = 0.0.0.0
port = 21000
fork = true
configsvr = true
replSet=bsbgps
maxConns=20000

#启动三台服务器的config server
mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/conf/config.conf

#初始化配置副本集
#连接
mongo --port 21000
#config变量
config = {
_id : "bsbgps",
members : [
{_id : 0, host : "188.188.1.135:21000" },
{_id : 1, host : "188.188.1.136:21000" },
{_id : 2, host : "188.188.1.137:21000" }
]
}
#初始化副本集
rs.initiate(config)

3、配置分片副本集
a.设置第一个分片副本集
vim /usr/local/mongodb/conf/shard1.conf
#配置文件内容
pidfilepath = /usr/local/mongodb/shard1/log/shard1.pid
dbpath = /usr/local/mongodb/shard1/data
logpath = /usr/local/mongodb/shard1/log/shard1.log
logappend = true
bind_ip = 0.0.0.0
port = 27001
fork = true
replSet=shard1
shardsvr = true
maxConns=20000
#启动三台服务器的shard1 server
mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/conf/shard1.conf
#登陆非仲裁服务器，初始化副本集
mongo --port 27001
#使用admin数据库
use admin
#定义副本集配置，第三个节点的 "arbiterOnly":true 代表其为仲裁节点。
config = {
_id : "shard1",
members : [
{_id : 0, host : "188.188.1.135:27001" },
{_id : 1, host : "188.188.1.136:27001" },
{_id : 2, host : "188.188.1.137:27001" , arbiterOnly: true }
]
}
#初始化副本集配置
rs.initiate(config);

b.设置第二个分片副本集
vim /usr/local/mongodb/conf/shard2.conf
#配置文件内容
pidfilepath = /usr/local/mongodb/shard2/log/shard2.pid
dbpath = /usr/local/mongodb/shard2/data
logpath = /usr/local/mongodb/shard2/log/shard2.log
logappend = true
bind_ip = 0.0.0.0
port = 27002
fork = true
replSet=shard2
shardsvr = true
maxConns=20000
#启动三台服务器的shard2 server
mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/conf/shard2.conf
#登陆非仲裁服务器，初始化副本集
mongo --port 27002
#使用admin数据库
use admin
#定义副本集配置
config = {
_id : "shard2",
members : [
{_id : 0, host : "188.188.1.135:27002" , arbiterOnly: true },
{_id : 1, host : "188.188.1.136:27002" },
{_id : 2, host : "188.188.1.137:27002" }
]
}
#初始化副本集配置
rs.initiate(config);

c.设置第三个分片副本集
vim /usr/local/mongodb/conf/shard3.conf
#配置文件内容
pidfilepath = /usr/local/mongodb/shard3/log/shard3.pid
dbpath = /usr/local/mongodb/shard3/data
logpath = /usr/local/mongodb/shard3/log/shard3.log
logappend = true
bind_ip = 0.0.0.0
port = 27003
fork = true
replSet=shard3
shardsvr = true
maxConns=20000
#启动三台服务器的shard3 server
mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/conf/shard3.conf
#登陆非仲裁服务器，初始化副本集
mongo --port 27003
#使用admin数据库
use admin
#定义副本集配置
config = {
_id : "shard3",
members : [
{_id : 0, host : "188.188.1.135:27003" },
{_id : 1, host : "188.188.1.136:27003" , arbiterOnly: true},
{_id : 2, host : "188.188.1.137:27003" }
]
}
#初始化副本集配置
rs.initiate(config);

4、配置路由服务器 mongos
先启动配置服务器和分片服务器,后启动路由实例:（三台机器）
vim /usr/local/mongodb/conf/mongos.conf
#内容,监听的配置服务器,只能有1个或者3个 configs为配置服务器的副本集名字
pidfilepath = /usr/local/mongodb/mongos/log/mongos.pid
logpath = /usr/local/mongodb/mongos/log/mongos.log
logappend = true
bind_ip = 0.0.0.0
port = 20000
fork = true
configdb = bsbgps/188.188.1.135:21000,188.188.1.136:21000,188.188.1.137:21000
maxConns=20000
#启动三台服务器的mongos server
mongos -f /usr/local/mongodb/conf/mongos.conf

5、启用分片
目前搭建了mongodb配置服务器、路由服务器，各个分片服务器，不过应用程序连接到mongos路由服务器并不能使用分片机制，还需要在程序里设置分片配置，让分片生效。
登陆任意一台mongos
mongo --port 20000
#使用admin数据库
use admin
#串联路由服务器与分配副本集
sh.addShard("shard1/188.188.1.135:27001,188.188.1.136:27001,188.188.1.137:27001")
sh.addShard("shard2/188.188.1.135:27002,188.188.1.136:27002,188.188.1.137:27002")
sh.addShard("shard3/188.188.1.135:27003,188.188.1.136:27003,188.188.1.137:27003")
#查看集群状态
sh.status()

6、测试
#指定ywtestdb分片生效
db.runCommand( { enablesharding :"ywtestdb"});
#指定数据库里需要分片的集合和片键
db.runCommand( { shardcollection : "ywtestdb.testtb",key : {id: 1} } )
#插入测试数据
use ywtestdb
for(var i = 1; i <= 100; i++){
db.testtb.save({id:i,"Time":new Date().getFullYear()+"-"+(new Date().getMonth()+1)+"-"+new Date().getDate()+ " "+new Date().toLocaleTimeString()})
}
#查看分片情况如下，部分无关信息省掉了
db.testtb.stats();

参考博文：
http://www.ityouknow.com/mongodb/2017/08/05/mongodb-cluster-setup.html
https://www.jianshu.com/p/baed80df9300