OpenHarmony智能开发套件[驱动开发篇（下）

作者：stackor 2023-05-30 14:58:05

本章将介绍如何IO控制温湿度传感器，可燃气体传感器，RGB灯，人体红外传感器，光敏电阻，Oled显示屏。

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前面介绍了OpenHarmony智能开发套件驱动开发篇·上，下面我们接着介绍驱动开发，本章将介绍如何IO控制温湿度传感器，可燃气体传感器，RGB灯，人体红外传感器，光敏电阻，Oled显示屏。

环境监测板

环境检测板上一共有三个模块，AHT20数字温湿度传感器，蜂鸣器，MQ-2可燃气体传感器。蜂鸣器的使用在上一篇已经提及过，为了方便学习，本次只介绍温湿度传感器，可燃气体传感器的IO控制，蜂鸣器的结合使用可以放在以后的综合案例中去说。

温湿度传感器

案例：每隔1s，获取一次温湿度，打印在终端

新建样例目录
applications/sample/wifi-iot/app/aht20
新建源文件和gn文件
applications/sample/wifi-iot/app/aht20/aht20Test.c
applications/sample/wifi-iot/app/aht20/BUILD.gn

applications/sample/wifi-iot/app/aht20/aht20.c

applications/sample/wifi-iot/app/aht20/aht20.h

aht20.c

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2021 HiHope Open Source Organization .
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 *
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#include "aht20.h"

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include "iot_i2c.h"
#include "iot_errno.h"

#define AHT20_I2C_IDX 0

#define AHT20_STARTUP_TIME     20*1000 // 上电启动时间
#define AHT20_CALIBRATION_TIME 40*1000 // 初始化（校准）时间
#define AHT20_MEASURE_TIME     75*1000 // 测量时间

#define AHT20_DEVICE_ADDR   0x38
#define AHT20_READ_ADDR     ((0x38<<1)|0x1)
#define AHT20_WRITE_ADDR    ((0x38<<1)|0x0)

#define AHT20_CMD_CALIBRATION       0xBE // 初始化（校准）命令
#define AHT20_CMD_CALIBRATION_ARG0  0x08
#define AHT20_CMD_CALIBRATION_ARG1  0x00

/**
 * 传感器在采集时需要时间,主机发出测量指令（0xAC）后，延时75毫秒以上再读取转换后的数据并判断返回的状态位是否正常。
 * 若状态比特位[Bit7]为0代表数据可正常读取，为1时传感器为忙状态，主机需要等待数据处理完成。
 **/
#define AHT20_CMD_TRIGGER       0xAC // 触发测量命令
#define AHT20_CMD_TRIGGER_ARG0  0x33
#define AHT20_CMD_TRIGGER_ARG1  0x00

// 用于在无需关闭和再次打开电源的情况下，重新启动传感器系统，软复位所需时间不超过20 毫秒
#define AHT20_CMD_RESET      0xBA // 软复位命令

#define AHT20_CMD_STATUS     0x71 // 获取状态命令

/**
 * STATUS 命令回复：
 * 1. 初始化后触发测量之前，STATUS 只回复 1B 状态值；
 * 2. 触发测量之后，STATUS 回复6B： 1B 状态值 + 2B 湿度 + 4b湿度 + 4b温度 + 2B 温度
 *      RH = Srh / 2^20 * 100%
 *      T  = St  / 2^20 * 200 - 50
 **/
#define AHT20_STATUS_BUSY_SHIFT 7       // bit[7] Busy indication
#define AHT20_STATUS_BUSY_MASK  (0x1<<AHT20_STATUS_BUSY_SHIFT)
#define AHT20_STATUS_BUSY(status) ((status & AHT20_STATUS_BUSY_MASK) >> AHT20_STATUS_BUSY_SHIFT)

#define AHT20_STATUS_MODE_SHIFT 5       // bit[6:5] Mode Status
#define AHT20_STATUS_MODE_MASK  (0x3<<AHT20_STATUS_MODE_SHIFT)
#define AHT20_STATUS_MODE(status) ((status & AHT20_STATUS_MODE_MASK) >> AHT20_STATUS_MODE_SHIFT)

                                        // bit[4] Reserved
#define AHT20_STATUS_CALI_SHIFT 3       // bit[3] CAL Enable
#define AHT20_STATUS_CALI_MASK  (0x1<<AHT20_STATUS_CALI_SHIFT)
#define AHT20_STATUS_CALI(status) ((status & AHT20_STATUS_CALI_MASK) >> AHT20_STATUS_CALI_SHIFT)
                                        // bit[2:0] Reserved

#define AHT20_STATUS_RESPONSE_MAX 6

#define AHT20_RESLUTION            (1<<20)  // 2^20

#define AHT20_MAX_RETRY 10


// typedef struct {
//     /** Pointer to the buffer storing data to send */
//     unsigned char *sendBuf;
//     /** Length of data to send */
//     unsigned int  sendLen;
//     /** Pointer to the buffer for storing data to receive */
//     unsigned char *receiveBuf;
//     /** Length of data received */
//     unsigned int  receiveLen;
// } IotI2cData;


static uint32_t AHT20_Read(uint8_t* buffer, uint32_t buffLen)
{
    // IotI2cData data = { 0 };
    // data.receiveBuf = buffer;
    // data.receiveLen = buffLen;
    // uint32_t retval = I2cRead(AHT20_I2C_IDX, AHT20_READ_ADDR, data.receiveBuf );
    // if (retval != IOT_SUCCESS) {
    //     printf("I2cRead() failed, %0X!\n", retval);
    //     return retval;
    // }
    // return IOT_SUCCESS;
    uint32_t retval = IoTI2cRead(AHT20_I2C_IDX, AHT20_READ_ADDR, buffer, buffLen);
    if (retval != IOT_SUCCESS) {
        printf("I2cRead() failed, %0X!\n", retval);
        return retval;
    }
    return IOT_SUCCESS;
}

static uint32_t AHT20_Write(uint8_t* buffer, uint32_t buffLen)
{
    // IotI2cData data = { 0 };
    // data.sendBuf = buffer;
    // data.sendLen = buffLen;
    // uint32_t retval = IoTI2cWrite(AHT20_I2C_IDX, AHT20_WRITE_ADDR, &data);
    // if (retval != IOT_SUCCESS) {
    //     printf("I2cWrite(%02X) failed, %0X!\n", buffer[0], retval);
    //     return retval;
    // }
    // return IOT_SUCCESS;
    uint32_t retval = IoTI2cWrite(AHT20_I2C_IDX, AHT20_READ_ADDR, buffer, buffLen);
    if (retval != IOT_SUCCESS) {
        printf("I2cRead() failed, %0X!\n", retval);
        return retval;
    }
    return IOT_SUCCESS;
}

// 发送获取状态命令
static uint32_t AHT20_StatusCommand(void)
{
    uint8_t statusCmd[] = { AHT20_CMD_STATUS };
    return AHT20_Write(statusCmd, sizeof(statusCmd));
}

// 发送软复位命令
static uint32_t AHT20_ResetCommand(void)
{
    uint8_t resetCmd[] = {AHT20_CMD_RESET};
    return AHT20_Write(resetCmd, sizeof(resetCmd));
}

// 发送初始化校准命令
static uint32_t AHT20_CalibrateCommand(void)
{
    uint8_t clibrateCmd[] = {AHT20_CMD_CALIBRATION, AHT20_CMD_CALIBRATION_ARG0, AHT20_CMD_CALIBRATION_ARG1};
    return AHT20_Write(clibrateCmd, sizeof(clibrateCmd));
}

// 读取温湿度值之前， 首先要看状态字的校准使能位Bit[3]是否为 1(通过发送0x71可以获取一个字节的状态字)，
// 如果不为1，要发送0xBE命令(初始化)，此命令参数有两个字节， 第一个字节为0x08，第二个字节为0x00。
uint32_t AHT20_Calibrate(void)
{
    uint32_t retval = 0;
    uint8_t buffer[AHT20_STATUS_RESPONSE_MAX] = { AHT20_CMD_STATUS };
    memset(&buffer, 0x0, sizeof(buffer));

    retval = AHT20_StatusCommand();
    if (retval != IOT_SUCCESS) {
        return retval;
    }

    retval = AHT20_Read(buffer, sizeof(buffer));
    if (retval != IOT_SUCCESS) {
        return retval;
    }

    if (AHT20_STATUS_BUSY(buffer[0]) || !AHT20_STATUS_CALI(buffer[0])) {
        retval = AHT20_ResetCommand();
        if (retval != IOT_SUCCESS) {
            return retval;
        }
        usleep(AHT20_STARTUP_TIME);
        retval = AHT20_CalibrateCommand();
        usleep(AHT20_CALIBRATION_TIME);
        return retval;
    }

    return IOT_SUCCESS;
}

// 发送 触发测量 命令，开始测量
uint32_t AHT20_StartMeasure(void)
{
    uint8_t triggerCmd[] = {AHT20_CMD_TRIGGER, AHT20_CMD_TRIGGER_ARG0, AHT20_CMD_TRIGGER_ARG1};
    return AHT20_Write(triggerCmd, sizeof(triggerCmd));
}

// 接收测量结果，拼接转换为标准值
uint32_t AHT20_GetMeasureResult(float* temp, float* humi)
{
    uint32_t retval = 0, i = 0;
    if (temp == NULL || humi == NULL) {
        return IOT_FAILURE;
    }

    uint8_t buffer[AHT20_STATUS_RESPONSE_MAX] = { 0 };
    memset(&buffer, 0x0, sizeof(buffer));
    retval = AHT20_Read(buffer, sizeof(buffer));  // recv status command result
    if (retval != IOT_SUCCESS) {
        return retval;
    }

    for (i = 0; AHT20_STATUS_BUSY(buffer[0]) && i < AHT20_MAX_RETRY; i++) {
        // printf("AHT20 device busy, retry %d/%d!\r\n", i, AHT20_MAX_RETRY);
        usleep(AHT20_MEASURE_TIME);
        retval = AHT20_Read(buffer, sizeof(buffer));  // recv status command result
        if (retval != IOT_SUCCESS) {
            return retval;
        }
    }
    if (i >= AHT20_MAX_RETRY) {
        printf("AHT20 device always busy!\r\n");
        return IOT_FAILURE;
    }

    uint32_t humiRaw = buffer[1];
    humiRaw = (humiRaw << 8) | buffer[2];
    humiRaw = (humiRaw << 4) | ((buffer[3] & 0xF0) >> 4);
    *humi = humiRaw / (float)AHT20_RESLUTION * 100;

    uint32_t tempRaw = buffer[3] & 0x0F;
    tempRaw = (tempRaw << 8) | buffer[4];
    tempRaw = (tempRaw << 8) | buffer[5];
    *temp = tempRaw / (float)AHT20_RESLUTION * 200 - 50;
    // printf("humi = %05X, %f, temp= %05X, %f\r\n", humiRaw, *humi, tempRaw, *temp);
    return IOT_SUCCESS;
}

aht20.h

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2021 HiHope Open Source Organization .
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 *
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#ifndef AHT20_H
#define AHT20_H

#include <stdint.h>

uint32_t AHT20_Calibrate(void);

uint32_t AHT20_StartMeasure(void);

uint32_t AHT20_GetMeasureResult(float* temp, float* humi);

#endif  // AHT20_H

这两个文件，相当于给我们提供了控制aht20数字温湿度传感器的API，通过网上各种温湿度传感器的学习也发现了，这两个文件是必备的，笔者也是直接从源码提供的demo中直接。贴出来了。下面也详细给大家介绍以下每一个函数怎么去使用。其中标号1至5是不需要我们手动去调用他的，6至8是我们比较常用的。

从传感器中读取数据。

static uint32_t AHT20_Read(uint8_t* buffer, uint32_t buffLen)

参数解释：

buffer：存储读取数据的缓冲区的指针。
buffLen：缓冲区的长度。
返回值：一个 uint32_t 类型的整数，表示执行操作的结果。

该函数用于从传感器中读取数据。它使用 IoTI2cRead 函数从指定的地址读取数据到缓冲区中。

向传感器中写入数据。

static uint32_t AHT20_Write(uint8_t* buffer, uint32_t buffLen)

参数解释：

buffer：存储要写入传感器的数据的缓冲区的指针。
buffLen：缓冲区的长度。