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SpringBoot实现Excel导入导出,好用到爆,POI可以扔掉了!

 2 years ago
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在我们平时工作中经常会遇到要操作Excel的功能,比如导出个用户信息或者订单信息的Excel报表。你肯定听说过POI这个东西,可以实现。但是POI实现的API确实很麻烦,它需要写那种逐行解析的代码(类似Xml解析)。今天给大家推荐一款非常好用的Excel导入导出工具EasyPoi,希望对大家有所帮助!

SpringBoot实战电商项目mall(50k+star)地址:https://github.com/macrozheng/mall

EasyPoi简介

用惯了SpringBoot的朋友估计会想到,有没有什么办法可以直接定义好需要导出的数据对象,然后添加几个注解,直接自动实现Excel导入导出功能?

EasyPoi正是这么一款工具,如果你不太熟悉POI,想简单地实现Excel操作,用它就对了!

EasyPoi的目标不是替代POI,而是让一个不懂导入导出的人也能快速使用POI完成Excel的各种操作,而不是看很多API才可以完成这样的工作。

在SpringBoot中集成EasyPoi非常简单,只需添加如下一个依赖即可,真正的开箱即用!

<dependency>
    <groupId>cn.afterturn</groupId>
    <artifactId>easypoi-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>4.4.0</version>
</dependency>

接下来介绍下EasyPoi的使用,以会员信息和订单信息的导入导出为例,分别实现下简单的单表导出和具有关联信息的复杂导出。

我们以会员信息列表导出为例,使用EasyPoi来实现下导出功能,看看是不是够简单!

  • 首先创建一个会员对象Member,封装会员信息;
/**
 * 购物会员
 * Created by macro on 2021/10/12.
 */
@Data
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = false)
public class Member {
    @Excel(name = "ID", width = 10)
    private Long id;
    @Excel(name = "用户名", width = 20, needMerge = true)
    private String username;
    private String password;
    @Excel(name = "昵称", width = 20, needMerge = true)
    private String nickname;
    @Excel(name = "出生日期", width = 20, format = "yyyy-MM-dd")
    private Date birthday;
    @Excel(name = "手机号", width = 20, needMerge = true, desensitizationRule = "3_4")
    private String phone;
    private String icon;
    @Excel(name = "性别", width = 10, replace = {"男_0", "女_1"})
    private Integer gender;
}
  • 在此我们就可以看到EasyPoi的核心注解@Excel,通过在对象上添加@Excel注解,可以将对象信息直接导出到Excel中去,下面对注解中的属性做个介绍;

    • name:Excel中的列名;
    • width:指定列的宽度;
    • needMerge:是否需要纵向合并单元格;
    • format:当属性为时间类型时,设置时间的导出导出格式;
    • desensitizationRule:数据脱敏处理,3_4表示只显示字符串的前3位和后4位,其他为*号;
    • replace:对属性进行替换;
    • suffix:对数据添加后缀。
  • 接下来我们在Controller中添加一个接口,用于导出会员列表到Excel,具体代码如下;
/**
 * EasyPoi导入导出测试Controller
 * Created by macro on 2021/10/12.
 */
@Controller
@Api(tags = "EasyPoiController", description = "EasyPoi导入导出测试")
@RequestMapping("/easyPoi")
public class EasyPoiController {

    @ApiOperation(value = "导出会员列表Excel")
    @RequestMapping(value = "/exportMemberList", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public void exportMemberList(ModelMap map,
                                 HttpServletRequest request,
                                 HttpServletResponse response) {
        List<Member> memberList = LocalJsonUtil.getListFromJson("json/members.json", Member.class);
        ExportParams params = new ExportParams("会员列表", "会员列表", ExcelType.XSSF);
        map.put(NormalExcelConstants.DATA_LIST, memberList);
        map.put(NormalExcelConstants.CLASS, Member.class);
        map.put(NormalExcelConstants.PARAMS, params);
        map.put(NormalExcelConstants.FILE_NAME, "memberList");
        PoiBaseView.render(map, request, response, NormalExcelConstants.EASYPOI_EXCEL_VIEW);
    }
}
  • LocalJsonUtil工具类,可以直接从resources目录下获取JSON数据并转化为对象,例如此处使用的members.json
  • 运行项目,直接通过Swagger访问接口,注意在Swagger中访问接口无法直接下载,需要点击返回结果中的下载按钮才行,访问地址:http://localhost:8088/swagger...
  • 下载完成后,查看下文件,一个标准的Excel文件已经被导出了。

导入功能实现起来也非常简单,下面以会员信息列表的导入为例。

  • 在Controller中添加会员信息导入的接口,这里需要注意的是使用@RequestPart注解修饰文件上传参数,否则在Swagger中就没法显示上传按钮了;
/**
 * EasyPoi导入导出测试Controller
 * Created by macro on 2021/10/12.
 */
@Controller
@Api(tags = "EasyPoiController", description = "EasyPoi导入导出测试")
@RequestMapping("/easyPoi")
public class EasyPoiController {

    @ApiOperation("从Excel导入会员列表")
    @RequestMapping(value = "/importMemberList", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    @ResponseBody
    public CommonResult importMemberList(@RequestPart("file") MultipartFile file) {
        ImportParams params = new ImportParams();
        params.setTitleRows(1);
        params.setHeadRows(1);
        try {
            List<Member> list = ExcelImportUtil.importExcel(
                    file.getInputStream(),
                    Member.class, params);
            return CommonResult.success(list);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return CommonResult.failed("导入失败!");
        }
    }
}
  • 然后在Swagger中测试接口,选择之前导出的Excel文件即可,导入成功后会返回解析到的数据。

当然EasyPoi也可以实现更加复杂的Excel操作,比如导出一个嵌套了会员信息和商品信息的订单列表,下面我们来实现下!

  • 首先添加商品对象Product,用于封装商品信息;
/**
 * 商品
 * Created by macro on 2021/10/12.
 */
@Data
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = false)
public class Product {
    @Excel(name = "ID", width = 10)
    private Long id;
    @Excel(name = "商品SN", width = 20)
    private String productSn;
    @Excel(name = "商品名称", width = 20)
    private String name;
    @Excel(name = "商品副标题", width = 30)
    private String subTitle;
    @Excel(name = "品牌名称", width = 20)
    private String brandName;
    @Excel(name = "商品价格", width = 10)
    private BigDecimal price;
    @Excel(name = "购买数量", width = 10, suffix = "件")
    private Integer count;
}
  • 然后添加订单对象Order,订单和会员是一对一关系,使用 @ExcelEntity注解表示,订单和商品是一对多关系,使用@ExcelCollection注解表示,Order就是我们需要导出的嵌套订单数据;
/**
 * 订单
 * Created by macro on 2021/10/12.
 */
@Data
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = false)
public class Order {
    @Excel(name = "ID", width = 10,needMerge = true)
    private Long id;
    @Excel(name = "订单号", width = 20,needMerge = true)
    private String orderSn;
    @Excel(name = "创建时间", width = 20, format = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss",needMerge = true)
    private Date createTime;
    @Excel(name = "收货地址", width = 20,needMerge = true )
    private String receiverAddress;
    @ExcelEntity(name = "会员信息")
    private Member member;
    @ExcelCollection(name = "商品列表")
    private List<Product> productList;
}
  • 接下来在Controller中添加导出订单列表的接口,由于有些会员信息我们不需要导出,可以调用ExportParams中的setExclusions方法排除掉;
/**
 * EasyPoi导入导出测试Controller
 * Created by macro on 2021/10/12.
 */
@Controller
@Api(tags = "EasyPoiController", description = "EasyPoi导入导出测试")
@RequestMapping("/easyPoi")
public class EasyPoiController {

    @ApiOperation(value = "导出订单列表Excel")
    @RequestMapping(value = "/exportOrderList", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public void exportOrderList(ModelMap map,
                                HttpServletRequest request,
                                HttpServletResponse response) {
        List<Order> orderList = getOrderList();
        ExportParams params = new ExportParams("订单列表", "订单列表", ExcelType.XSSF);
        //导出时排除一些字段
        params.setExclusions(new String[]{"ID", "出生日期", "性别"});
        map.put(NormalExcelConstants.DATA_LIST, orderList);
        map.put(NormalExcelConstants.CLASS, Order.class);
        map.put(NormalExcelConstants.PARAMS, params);
        map.put(NormalExcelConstants.FILE_NAME, "orderList");
        PoiBaseView.render(map, request, response, NormalExcelConstants.EASYPOI_EXCEL_VIEW);
    }
}
  • 在Swagger中访问接口测试,导出订单列表对应Excel;
  • 下载完成后,查看下文件,EasyPoi导出复杂的Excel也是很简单的!

自定义处理

如果你想对导出字段进行一些自定义处理,EasyPoi也是支持的,比如在会员信息中,如果用户没有设置昵称,我们添加下暂未设置信息。

  • 我们需要添加一个处理器继承默认的ExcelDataHandlerDefaultImpl类,然后在exportHandler方法中实现自定义处理逻辑;
/**
 * 自定义字段处理
 * Created by macro on 2021/10/13.
 */
public class MemberExcelDataHandler extends ExcelDataHandlerDefaultImpl<Member> {

  @Override
  public Object exportHandler(Member obj, String name, Object value) {
    if("昵称".equals(name)){
      String emptyValue = "暂未设置";
      if(value==null){
        return super.exportHandler(obj,name,emptyValue);
      }
      if(value instanceof String&&StrUtil.isBlank((String) value)){
        return super.exportHandler(obj,name,emptyValue);
      }
    }
    return super.exportHandler(obj, name, value);
  }

  @Override
  public Object importHandler(Member obj, String name, Object value) {
    return super.importHandler(obj, name, value);
  }
}
  • 然后修改Controller中的接口,调用MemberExcelDataHandler处理器的setNeedHandlerFields设置需要自定义处理的字段,并调用ExportParamssetDataHandler设置自定义处理器;
/**
 * EasyPoi导入导出测试Controller
 * Created by macro on 2021/10/12.
 */
@Controller
@Api(tags = "EasyPoiController", description = "EasyPoi导入导出测试")
@RequestMapping("/easyPoi")
public class EasyPoiController {

    @ApiOperation(value = "导出会员列表Excel")
    @RequestMapping(value = "/exportMemberList", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public void exportMemberList(ModelMap map,
                                 HttpServletRequest request,
                                 HttpServletResponse response) {
        List<Member> memberList = LocalJsonUtil.getListFromJson("json/members.json", Member.class);
        ExportParams params = new ExportParams("会员列表", "会员列表", ExcelType.XSSF);
        //对导出结果进行自定义处理
        MemberExcelDataHandler handler = new MemberExcelDataHandler();
        handler.setNeedHandlerFields(new String[]{"昵称"});
        params.setDataHandler(handler);
        map.put(NormalExcelConstants.DATA_LIST, memberList);
        map.put(NormalExcelConstants.CLASS, Member.class);
        map.put(NormalExcelConstants.PARAMS, params);
        map.put(NormalExcelConstants.FILE_NAME, "memberList");
        PoiBaseView.render(map, request, response, NormalExcelConstants.EASYPOI_EXCEL_VIEW);
    }
}
  • 再次调用导出接口,我们可以发现昵称已经添加默认设置了。

体验了一波EasyPoi,它使用注解来操作Excel的方式确实非常好用。如果你想生成更为复杂的Excel的话,可以考虑下它的模板功能。

项目官网:https://gitee.com/lemur/easypoi

项目源码地址

https://github.com/macrozheng...

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